EMPEROR DAIGO

Emperor Daigo.

'Emperor Daigo' (é†é†å¤©çš‡ ''Daigo-tennÅ'') (January 18, 885– October 23, 930) was the '60th' emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from 897 to 930.[1]

Contents
Genealogy
Empresses and consorts
Imperial princes and princesses
Events of Daigo''-tennÅ's life
''KugyÅ''
Eras of Daigo''-tennÅ's reign
References
Further reading

Genealogy


Before his ascension of the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''iminia'') was Atsuhito''-shinnÅ''.[2]
Atsuhito''-shinnÅ'' was the eldest son of his predecessor, Emperor Uda. His mother was Fujiwara no Taneko, daughter of the minister of the center, Fujiwara no Takafui.[3] He succeeded the throne after his father, the Emperor Uda, abdicated his throne in 897.
Empresses and consorts


★ 885-954 Empress Fujiwara no Onshi (中宮 藤原ç©å­) ï¼ daughter of Kampaku Fujiwara no Mototsune

★ ？-899 Imperial Princess Tameshi (妃　為å­å†…親王) ï¼ daughter of Emperor KÅkÅ

★ ?-947 Lady Minamoto no Wako (女御 æºå’Œå­) ï¼ princess of Emperor KÅkÅ

★ ？-964 Court Lady Fujiwara no NÅko (女御 藤原能å­) ï¼ daughter of Udaijin Fujiwara no Sadakata (藤原定方)

★ ？-935 Court Lady Fujiwara no Wakako (女御 藤原和香å­) ï¼ daughter of Dainagon Fujiwara no Sadakuni (藤原定国)

★ ？-？ Lady Minamoto no ShÅme (æ›´è¡£ æºæ˜‡å¥³) ï¼ daughter of Dainagon Minamoto no ShÅ (æºæ˜‡)

★ ？-921 Lady Fujiwara no Kuwako (æ›´è¡£ 藤原桑å­) ï¼ daughter of ChÅ«nagon Fujiwara no Kensuke (藤原兼輔)

★ ？-948 Lady Fujiwara no Hidehime (æ›´è¡£ 藤原淑姫) ï¼ daughter of Sangi Fujiwara no Sugane (藤原è…æ ¹)

★ ？-935 Lady Minamoto no Chikako (æ›´è¡£ æºå‘¨å­) ï¼ daughter of Sadaiben Minamoto no Tonou (æºå”±)

★ ？-？ Lady Minamoto no FÅ«ko (æ›´è¡£ æºå°å­) ï¼ daughter of UkyÅdaibu Minamoto no KyÅ«kan (æºæ—§é‘‘)

★ ？-915 Lady Fujiwara no Senko (æ›´è¡£ 藤原鮮å­) ï¼ daughter of Iyonosuke (伊予介) Fujiwara no Tsunenaga(藤原連永)
(''and others including a large number of women of lower rank'')
Imperial princes and princesses


★ 903-927 first son, Katsuakira ShinnÅ (克明親王) ï¼ father of the musician Minamoto no Hiromasa ï¼ child of Minamoto no Fuuko

★ 903-923 second son, Yasuakira ShinnÅ (ä¿æ˜Žè¦ªçŽ‹) - Emperor Daigo's crown prince and bunkengentaishi (文献彦太å­) ï¼ child of Fujiwara no Onshi

★ 904-937 third son, Yoakira ShinnÅ (代明親王) ï¼ child of Fujiwara no Senko

★ 904-938 fifth daughter, Kinshi NaishinnÅ (勤å­å†…親王) ï¼ wife of Udaijin Fujiwara no Morosuke（藤原師輔) ï¼ child of Minamoto no Chikako

★ 906-954 fourth son, Jigeakira ShinnÅ (é‡æ˜Žè¦ªçŽ‹) - author of the RibuÅki (å部王記) ï¼ child of Minamoto no ShÅme

★ 909-954 tenth daughter, Masako NaishinnÅ (é›…å­å†…親王) - Imperial shrine maiden at the Grand Shrine of Ise; later, wife of Udaijin Fujiwara no Morosuke　ï¼ã€€child of Minamoto no Chikako

★ 914-982 tenth son, Minamoto no Takaakira (æºé«˜æ˜Ž) - also called Nishinomiya (西宮) Sadaijin ï¼ child of Minamoto no Chikako

★ 914-987 eleventh son, Kaneakira ShinnÅ (兼明親王) ï¼ also called saki no chÅ«shoÅ (å‰ä¸­æ›¸çŽ‹) ï¼ child of Fujiwara no Hidehime

★ 919-957 fourteenth daughter, Kouko NaishinnÅ (康å­å†…親王) ï¼ wife of Udaijin Fujiwara no Morosuke (藤原師輔) ï¼ child of Fujiwara no Onshi

★ 923-952 twelfth son, Kanmei ShinnÅ (寛明親王) ï¼ Emperor Suzaku ï¼ child of Fujiwara no Onshi

★ 926-967　fourteenth son, Nariakira ShinnÅ (æˆæ˜Žè¦ªçŽ‹) ï¼ Emperor Murakami ï¼ child of Fujiwara no Onshi
(''and many other children'')

Events of Daigo''-tennÅ's life


The era name was changed in 898 to mark the beginning of Emperor Daigo's reign.[4] The highlight of Daigo's thirty four year reign was that he ruled by himself without the regency of the Fujiwara clan, though he himself was part Fujiwara.

★ '''KanpyÅ 9''', on the 3rd day of the 7th month (897): Emperor Uda abdicated; and his eldest son received the succession (‘‘senso’’). Shortly thereafter, Emperor Daigo formally acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’).[5]

★ '''ShÅtai 2''', the 1st day of the 11th month (899): The sun entered into the winter solstice, and all the great officials of the empire presented themselves in Daigo's court.[6]

★ '''ShÅtai 3''', the 3rd day of the 1st month (900): Daigo went to visit his father in the place he had chosen to live after the abdication.[7]

★ '''ShÅtai 3''', in the 10th month (900): The former Emperor Uda traveled to in what is now Wakayama prefecture to the south of Osaka. He visited the temples on the slopes of the mountain.[8]

★ '''Engi 1''', on the 1st day of the 1st month (901): There was an eclipse of the sun.[8]

★ '''Engi 5''', in the 4th month: Ki no Tsurayuki presented the emperor with the compilation of the Kokin WakashÅ«, a collection of waka poetry.[10]

★ '''Engi 9''', in the 4th month (909): The ''sadaijin'' Fujiwara no Tokihira died at the age of 39. He was honored with the posthumous title of regent.[11]
Daigo also ordered construction of several halls in the Daigo-ji Temple, such as the Yakushi hall.
Emperor Daigo reigned for 33 years; and he died at the age of 46.[12] He was succeeded by his son, Emperor Suzaku, after his death in 930.
''KugyÅ''

''KugyÅ'' (å…¬å¿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.-- ''kugyÅ'' of Daigo-tennÅ (in France)
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Daigo's reign, this apex of the ''DaijÅ-kan'' included:

★ ''Sadaijin'', Fujiwara no Tokihira　(藤原時平), 871-909.[13]

★ ''Sadaijin'', Fujiwara no Tadahira　(藤原忠平),　880-949.[13]

★ ''Udaijin'', Sugawara no Michizane　(è…原é“真),　845-901.[13]

★ ''Udaijin'', Minamoto no Hikaru　(æºå…‰),　845-913.[13]

★ ''Udaijin'', Fujiwara no Tadahira.[13]

★ ''Udaijin'', Fujiwara no Sadakata　(藤原定方),　873-932.[13]

★ ''Naidaijin'', Fujiwara no Takafuji　(藤原高藤),　838-900.[13]

Eras of Daigo''-tennÅ's reign


The years of Diago's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or ''nengÅ''.[20]

★ ''KanpyÅ'' (889-898)

★ ''ShÅtai'' (898-901)

★ ''Engi'' (901-923)

★ ''EnchÅ'' (923-931)

References


1. Titsingh, Issac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon,'' p.129; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''GokanshÅ,'' p. 291.
2. Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''JinnÅ ShÅtÅki,'' p. 179; Brown, p. 264. [Up until the time of Emperor Joemei, the personal names of the emerpors (their ''iminia'') were very long and people did not generally use them. The number of characters in each name diminished after Jomei's reign.
3. Varley, p. 179.
4. Varley. p. 179.
5. Tisingh, p. 129; Varley, p. 44. [A distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except JitÅ, YÅzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until the reign of Go-Murakami.]
6. Titsingh, p. 130.
7. Titsingh, pp. 130-131.
8. Titsingh, p. 131.
9. Titsingh, p. 131.
10. Titsigh, p. 132.
11. Titsingh, p. 132.
12. Varley, p. 181.
13. Brown, p. 291.
14. Brown, p. 291.
15. Brown, p. 291.
16. Brown, p. 291.
17. Brown, p. 291.
18. Brown, p. 291.
19. Brown, p. 291.
20. Titsingh, p. 129.

Further reading


★ Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). ''GukanshÅ; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'GukanshÅ,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. Brown & IchirÅ Ishida.'' Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-03460-0

★ Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi GahÅ (1652)], ''Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth.'' Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.--''Two copies of this rare book have now been made available online: (1) from the library of the University of Michigan, digitized January 30, 2007; and (2) from the library of Stanford University, digitized June 23, 2006.'' Click here to read the original text in French.

★ Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [Kitabatake Chikafusa (1359)], ''JinnÅ ShÅtÅki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: JinnÅ ShÅtÅki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley).'' New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-04940-4



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