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Dramatic Conventions are the specific actions or techniques the actor, writer or director has employed to create a desired dramatic effect/style.
A 'dramatic convention' is a set of which both the audience and actors are familiar with and which act as a useful way of quickly signifying the nature of the action or of a character.
All forms of theatre have dramatic conventions, some of which may be unique to that particular form, such as the poses used by actors in Japanese kabuki theatre to establish a character, or the stock character of the black-cloaked, moustache twirling villain in early cinema melodrama serials.
It can also include an implausible facet of a performance required by the technical limitations or artistic nature of a production and which is accepted by the audience as part of suspension of disbelief. For example, a dramatic convention in Shakespeare is that a character can move downstage to deliver a soliloquy and will not be heard by the other characters on stage. Another dramatic convention is that characters in a musical will not react strangely to another character's abruptly bursting into song. One more example would be how the audience accepts the passage of time during a play or how music will play during a romantic scene. See also fourth wall.