A 'crossroads' (the word rarely appears in singular) is a
road junction, where two or more
roads meet (there are three or more arms). ''Crossroads'' is also an alternate name for a
hamlet located at such a junction. The term is often used
metaphorically, as an abstraction of places or occasions where people meet.
In
British English it is specifically defined as being where two roads cross each other (there are exactly 4 arms). Unlike the terms ''
road intersection'' and ''road junction'', ''crossroads'' is used in a more
figurative or
poetic sense (similar to ''
fork in the road'').
Blues
Another interpretation of the crossroad hinted at by some blues songs is that point at which a particular road is taken in life - similar to
Robert Frost's "
road not taken".
Originally the blues "Crossroads" was a literal
right-angle crossing of two
railroads - "
where the Southern cross the Dog" - in
Moorhead, Mississippi. The "Southern" was a line of the
Southern Railway, sold to the
Columbus and Greenville Railway in 1920, and the "Dog" was the "Yellow Dog", officially the
Yazoo Delta Railroad, part of the
Illinois Central Railroad system after 1897. This place is mentioned in a number of blues, including the recorded works of
W. C. Handy and
Bessie Smith.
Spirituality
In the
folk magic of many cultures, the crossroads is a location "between the worlds" and, as such, a site where
supernatural spirits can be contacted and
paranormal events can take place. Symbolically, it can mean a locality where two realms touch and therefore represents
liminality, a place literally "neither here nor there".
This is particularly pronounced in
conjure, rootwork, and hoodoo, a form of
African American magical spirituality. In conjure practice, it is said that in order to acquire facility at various manual and body skills, such as playing a
musical instrument, throwing
dice, or
dancing, one may attend upon a crossroads a certain number of times, either at
midnight or just before
dawn,and one will meet a "black man," whom some call the
Devil, who will bestow upon one the desired skills. Evidence of this practice can be found in 20th century
blues songs, such as ''Sold It to the Devil'' by Black Spider Dumpling (John D. Twitty). Although many modern listeners believe that the premier song about
soul-selling at a crossroads is ''Crossroads Blues'' by
Robert Johnson, the song is actually a description of standing at a road crossing and trying to "flag a ride" or hitch-hike; the sense of foreboding coming from the singer's apprehension of finding himself, a young black man in the 1920s deep south, alone after dark and at the mercy of passing motorists.
In the
Vodou tradition,
Papa Legba is the
lwa of crossroads.
Crossroads are very important both in
Brazilian mythology (related to the
headless mule, the
devil, the
Besta Fera and the Brazilian version of the
werewolf) and
religions (as the favourite place for the manifestation of "left-hand" entities such as
Exus and where to place offerings to the
Orishas).
There is also the now illegal tradition within
England of burying criminals (particularly
suicides) at crossroads. This may have been due to the crossroads marking the boundaries of the settlement coupled with a desire to bury those outside of the law outside the settlement, or that the many roads would confuse the dead.
[1] (See also
Burial)
Symbolically, the crossroads can be used as a metaphor for the
afterlife.
In Lore
Some professors refer to the crossroads as a turning point with an unpredictable outcome. In ancient literature some scripts have references to other dimensional worlds with their own crossroads. In these texts the crossroads seem to have four different endings, a golden age, nothing changed, apocalypse, and a bad event that varies with every different world.
Other
In some
Asian cultures further interpretations and traditions about what crossroads are diverge from the explanations given above.
See also
★
Fork in the road (metaphor)
★
Crossroads (disambiguation) (for other meanings of Crossroads)
★
Crossroads village
External links
★
The Crossroads in Hoodoo by
catherine yronwode at
luckymojo.com.
★
A photo of "where the Southern cross the Dog" at bluessource.com