'Creaky voice' (also called 'laryngealisation', 'pulse phonation' or, in
singing, 'vocal fry' or 'glottal fry'), is a special kind of
phonation in which the
arytenoid cartilages in the
larynx are drawn together; as a result, the
vocal folds are compressed rather tightly, becoming relatively slack and compact, and forming a large, irregularly vibrating mass. The frequency of the vibration is very low (20–50 pulses per second, about two octaves below normal voice) and the airflow through the
glottis is very slow. A slight degree of laryngealisation, occurring e.g. in some
Korean consonants is called "
stiff voice".
There is some argument among music instructors as to whether or not this is an actual register as it can be used to add a raspy sound to other registers. By putting a lesser amount of air on the cords than is needed for a clear tone of the pitch you are going for, the tone breaks up and becomes a rasp. Many
Nu Metal singers use this technique to create a screaming sound. One example is
Chester Bennington of
Linkin Park.
Yeah Yeah Yeahs' singer
Karen O also utilizes the technique in songs like "Rich" and "Art Star".
The
Danish prosodic feature ''
stød'' is an example of a form of laryngealisation that has a
phonemic function.
Creaky voice manifests itself in the
idiolects of some
American English speakers, particularly at the beginnings of sentences that the speaker wishes to "soft-pedal". Although this phenomenon is in general more prominent among female American English speakers than among male speakers, it is frequently adopted by older males in leadership positions in business and politics.
It can also occur accidentally when the speaker's throat is tired, or if the speaker is sick, and tries to reach very high notes.
See also
★
Breathy voice
★
Glottal stop
★
Slack voice
★
Harsh voice