COSMOS

In its most general sense, a 'cosmos' is an orderly or harmonious system. It originates from a Greek term κόσμος meaning "order, orderly arrangement, ornaments," and is the antithetical concept of chaos. The word cosmetics originates from the same root.

Contents

Philosophy

Theology

Cosmology

See also

Philosophy

Pythagoras is said to have been the first philosopher to apply the term to the Universe, perhaps from application to the starry firmament. The term so used is parallel to the Zoroastrian term ''aša'', the concept of a divine order, or divinely ordered creation.

Theology

In theology, the term can be used to denote the created universe, not including the creator. The Septuagint uses both ''kosmos'' and ''oikumene'' for the inhabited world. In Christian theology, the word was also used synonymously with ''aion'' to refer to "worldly life" or "this world" as opposed to the afterlife. In philosophical use, the words "absolute", ''cosmos'', and ''universe'' can be employed synonymously to include all that exists.

Cosmology

Cosmology is the study of the cosmos in several of the above meanings, depending on context. All cosmologies have in common an attempt to understand the implicit order within the whole of being. In this way, most religions and philosophical systems have a cosmology.
The philosopher Ken Wilber uses the term ''kosmos'' to refer to all of manifest existence, including various realms of consciousness. The term ''kosmos'' so used distinguishes a nondual universe (which, on his view, includes both noetic and physical aspects) from the strictly physical universe that is the concern of the traditional sciences. In physical cosmology, it is often used in a technical way, referring to a space-time continuum.

See also

★ Cosmology

★ Cosmography

★ Macrocosm and microcosm

★ (Carl Sagan's television documentary series)