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'Comity', in law, refers to legal reciprocity—the principle that one jurisdiction will extend certain courtesies to other nations, particularly by recognizing the validity and effect of their executive, legislative, and judicial acts. The term refers to the idea that courts should not act in a way that demeans the jurisdiction, laws, or judicial decisions of another country. It is especially important in international law. Part of the presumption of comity is that other nations will reciprocate the courtesy shown to them. Many statutes relating to the enforcement of foreign judgments require that the judgments of a particular country will be recognized and enforced by a forum only to the extent that the other country would recognize and enforce the judgments rendered by that forum. See reciprocity (international relations).
In the law of the United States, ''comity'' may refer to the Privileges and Immunities Clause (sometimes called the ''Comity Clause'') in Article Four of the United States Constitution. This clause provides that "The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States."
In the context of professional licensure, comity refers to one jurisdiction granting credit for experience earned and exams passed in a different jurisdiction.^[1]
But comity should not be misinterpreted as implying that all laws are of universal jurisdiction. In many countries, comity is effective only to the extent that foreign laws or judgments do not directly conflict with the forum country's public policy: for example, the United States will not enforce foreign judgments (such as defamation judgements) that present a conflict with the strong free speech protections in the U.S.

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History

References

See also

History

The principle of comity first arose through the work of a 17th-century Dutch jurist, Ulrich Huber. It was subsequently refined by the American judge Joseph Story.

References

1. "NSPE Moves Forward With International Partnerships." National Society of Professional Engineers. November 2002. [1]

See also

★ Alien Tort Statute

★ Tariff war