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COFFER

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Coffering on the ceiling of the Pantheon, Rome

Highly detailed and painted coffering

In architecture, a 'coffer' (plural: coffering) is a sunken panel in the shape of a square, rectangle, or octagon that serves as a decorative device, usually in a ceiling. An example of this can be found in the ceiling of the rotunda dome in the Roman Pantheon. In Chinese architecture this is known as ''zaojing''.
In fortification, a 'coffer' was a hollow lodgment, against a dry moat, from six to seven feet deep, and from sixteen to eighteen feet broad; the upper part being made of pieces of timber raised two feet above the level of the moat. The besieged generally made use of these coffers to repulse the besiegers, when they tried to pass the ditch.
Coffering a ceiling is usually done to reduce the weight of the ceiling to keep it from collapsing.

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