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A 'Chinese compound surname' (; literally "double surname") is a Chinese surname using more than one character. Many of these surnames derive from noble and official titles, professions, and place names. Some are originally non-Chinese, while others were created by joining two one-character family names. Only a few of these names (e.g. 歐陽, 上官, 司馬, 司徒) survive in modern times. Many clans eventually took on a single-character surname for various reasons. A small minority of Koreans and Vietnamese also have compound surnames.

Contents

Compound surnames

See also

Compound surnames

(listed alphabetically by their Mandarin pinyin spellings)

Chinese characters	Meaning/Origin	Non-Han origin	Mandarin (Pinyin)	Cantonese (Hong Kong)	Vietnamese	Korean	Notable
愛新覺羅 (爱新觉罗)	Gold	Manchurian	Àixīnjúelúo (Aisin Gioro)		Ái Tân Giác La		Shunzhi Emperor
阿史那		Turkic	Āshǐnà	A Si Na			Empress Ashina
百里	Hundred ''li''		Bǎilǐ	Baak Lei	Bách Lý		Baili Xi
孛兒只斤 (孛儿只斤)		Mongol	Bó'érzhījīn (Borjigin)		Bột Nhi Chỉ Cân		Genghis Khan
淳于			Chúnyú		Thuần Vu		Chunyu Qiong
澹臺 (澹台)			Tántái		Đàm Thái		Tantai Mieming (澹臺滅明)
第二	Second		Dì'èr		Đệ Nhị
第五	Fifth		Dìwǔ		Đệ Ngũ		Diwu Qi
東方 (东方)	"East", descendants of Fuxi clan according to legend		Dōngfāng	Dung Fong	Đông Phương		Dongfang Shuo (東方朔)
東閣 (东阁)	"Eastern Pavilion"		Dōnggé	Dung Gok	Đông Cốc
東郭 (东郭)	"Eastern Wall"		Dōngguō				Mr Dongguo (東郭先生)
東門 (东门)	"East Gate", place of residence, from Zhou dynasty		Dōngmén	Dung Mun	Đông Môn
端木			Duānmù	Duen Muk	Đoan Mộc		Duanmu Ci (端木賜)
獨孤 (独孤)	Alone		Dúgū	Duk Gu	Độc Cô		Empress Dugu Qieluo
公孫 (公孙)	"Dukes' descendants", an address of the noble descendants in the Spring and Autumn period		Gōngsūn	Gung Syun	Công Tôn	Gongson	Gongsun Zan
公羊	A branch of Gongsun		Gōngyáng		Công Dương		Gongyang Gao (公羊高)
公冶	A branch of Ji, from courtesy name of Jiye (季冶) of Lu in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty		Gōngyě				Gongye Chang (公冶長)
公西			Gōngxī				Gongxi Chi (公西赤)
毌丘			Guànqiū				Guanqiu Jian
穀梁 (谷梁) or 穀粱 (谷粱)	Sorghum grains (?)		Gǔliáng	Guk Leong	Cốc Lương
賀蘭 (贺兰)			Hèlán	Ho Laan	Hạ Lan		Princess Dowager Helan
赫連 (赫连)			Hèlián	Hak Lin	Hách Liên		Helian Bobo
賀若 (贺若)			Hèruò	Ho Yeok	Hạ Nhược		Heruo Bi (賀若弼)
皇甫	A branch of Ji (姬), from 皇父, the courtesy name of Ji Chongshi (姬充石) of the Duchy of Song in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty		Huángfǔ	Wong Po	Hoàng Phủ		Huangfu Song
呼延		Tungusic (鮮卑)	Hūyán	Fu Yin	Hô Diên		Empress Huyan
令狐			Lìnghú	Ling Wu	Lệnh Hồ		Linghu Tao (令狐綯)
甪里			Lùlǐ
閭丘 (闾丘)			Lǘqiū				Luqiu Luwei (閭丘露薇)
万俟		Tungusic (鮮卑)	Mòqí				Moqi Chounu (万俟醜奴)
慕容		Tungusic (鮮卑)	Mùróng	Mou Yung	Mộ Dung		Murong Huang
納蘭 (纳兰)		Manchurian (a variant of 叶赫那拉)	Nàlán	Naap Laan			Nalan Xingde
南宮 (南宫)	Southern Palace		Nángōng	Nam Gung	Nam Cung	Namkung
歐陽 (欧阳)	South of Mt. Ou Yu		Ōuyáng	Au Yeong	Âu Dương		Ouyang Xiu
沙吒		Turkic	Shāzhā	Sa Za
上官	High official (place name)		Shàngguān	Seong Gun	Thượng Quan		Empress Shangguan
申屠			Shēntú				Shentu Jian (申屠建)
司馬 (司马)	"Grand Commandant", one of the Three Excellencies from the Han Dynasty		Sīmǎ	Si Ma	Tư Mã		Sima Qian
司徒	"Minister over the Masses", one of the Three Excellencies from the Han Dynasty		Sītú	Si To	Tư Đồ		Szeto Wah
司空	"Minister of Works", one of the Three Excellencies from the Han Dynasty		Sīkōng	Si Hung	Tư Không	Sagong
司寇			Sīkòu
太史	"Grand Historian", an imperial official title		Tàishǐ	Taai Si	Thái Sử		Taishi Ci
完顏 (完颜)		Manchurian	Wányán		Hoàn Nhan		Wanyan Aguda
聞人 (闻人)			Wénrén
巫馬 (巫马)	"Horse"		Wūmǎ		Ngọ Mã		Wuma Shi (巫馬施)
夏侯	"Marquess ''Xia''", from noble title granted to the descendants of Yu the Great by Duke of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period		Xiàhóu		Hạ Hầu		Xiahou Dun
鮮于 (鲜于)			Xiānyú
西門 (西门)	"West gate", place of residence, from Marquessate of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period		Xīmén	Sai Mun	Tây Môn	Seomoon	Ximen Bao (西門豹)
軒轅 (轩辕)	One of the surnames of the Yellow Emperor		Xuānyuán	Hin Yuen	Hiên Viên		Yellow Emperor
樂正 (乐正)			Yuèzhèng		Nhiếp Chính
尉遲 (尉迟)		Tungusic (鮮卑)	Yùchí	Wat Ci	Uất Trì		Yuchi Jingde
宇文		Tungusic (鮮卑)	Yǔwén		Vũ Văn		Yuwen Tai
長孫 (长孙)			Zhǎngsūn	Zeong Syun	Trưởng Tôn		Zhangsun Wuji
鍾離 (钟离)			Zhōnglí	Zung Lei	Trung Ly
諸葛 (诸葛)	"Many ''Ge''", a branch of 葛 (Ge)		Zhūgě	Zyu Got	Chư Cát	Jegal	Zhuge Liang
祝融	God of Fire		Zhùróng	Zuk Yung	Chúc Dung		Lady Zhurong
子車 (子车)			Zǐjū
左人	Left-handed man		Zuǒrén	Zo Yan	Tả Nhân

See also

★ Chinese surname

★ Korean surname

★ Vietnamese name