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'Carangidae' is a family of fish which includes the jacks, pompanos, jack mackerels, and scads.
They are marine fish found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Most species are fast-swimming predatory fishes that hunt in the waters above reefs and in the open sea; some dig in the sea floor for invertebrates.
The largest fish in the family, the giant trevally, ''Caranx ignobilis'', grows up to 1.7 m in length; most fish in the family reach a maximum length of 25–100 cm.
The family contains many important commercial and game fish, notably the Pacific jack mackerel, ''Trachurus symmetricus'', and the other jack mackerels in the genus ''Trachurus''.

Contents

Species

References

Species

There are about 151 species in thirty genera:

★ Genus ''Alectis''

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★ African threadfish, ''Alectis alexandrinus'' (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817).

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★ African pompano, ''Alectis ciliaris'' (Bloch, 1787).

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★ Indian threadfish, ''Alectis indicus'' (Cuvier, 1833).

★ Genus ''Alepes''

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★ Smallmouth scad, ''Alepes apercna'' Grant, 1987.

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★ Shrimp scad, ''Alepes djedaba'' (Forsskål, 1775).

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★ Razorbelly scad, ''Alepes kleinii'' (Bloch, 1793).

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★ Blackfin scad, ''Alepes melanoptera'' Swainson, 1839.

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★ Herring scad, ''Alepes vari'' (Cuvier, 1833).

★ Genus ''Atropus''

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★ Cleftbelly trevally, ''Atropus atropos'' (Bloch & Schneider, 1801).

★ Genus ''Atule''

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★ Yellowtail scad, ''Atule mate'' (Cuvier, 1833).

★ Genus ''Campogramma''

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★ Vadigo, ''Campogramma glaycos'' (Lacépède, 1801).

★ Genus ''Carangoides''

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★ Longfin trevally, ''Carangoides armatus'' (Forsskål, 1775).

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★ Orangespotted trevally, ''Carangoides bajad'' (Forsskål, 1775).

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★ Yellow jack, ''Carangoides bartholomaei'' (Cuvier, 1833).

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★ Longnose trevally, ''Carangoides chrysophrys'' (Cuvier, 1833).

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★ ''Carangoides ciliarius'' (Rüppell, 1830).

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★ Coastal trevally, ''Carangoides coeruleopinnatus'' (Rüppell, 1830).

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★ Shadow trevally, ''Carangoides dinema'' Bleeker, 1851.

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★ Whitefin trevally, ''Carangoides equula'' (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844).

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★ Blue trevally, ''Carangoides ferdau'' (Forsskål, 1775).

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★ Yellowspotted trevally, ''Carangoides fulvoguttatus'' (Forsskål, 1775).

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★ Bludger, ''Carangoides gymnostethus'' (Cuvier, 1833).

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★ Bumpnose trevally, ''Carangoides hedlandensis'' (Whitley, 1934).

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★ Duskyshoulder trevally, ''Carangoides humerosus'' (McCulloch, 1915).

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★ Malabar trevally, ''Carangoides malabaricus'' (Bloch & Schneider, 1801).

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★ Coachwhip trevally, ''Carangoides oblongus'' (Cuvier, 1833).

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★ Island trevally, ''Carangoides orthogrammus'' (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882).

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★ Threadfin jack, ''Carangoides otrynter'' (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883).

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★ Barcheek trevally, ''Carangoides plagiotaenia'' Bleeker, 1857.

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★ Brownback trevally, ''Carangoides praeustus'' (Anonymous [Bennett], 1830).

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★ Bar jack, ''Carangoides ruber'' (Bloch, 1793).

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★ Imposter trevally, ''Carangoides talamparoides'' Bleeker, 1852.

★ Genus ''Caranx''

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★ Bluespotted trevally, ''Caranx bucculentus'' Alleyne & Macleay, 1877.

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★ Green jack, ''Caranx caballus'' Günther, 1868.

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★ Pacific crevalle jack, ''Caranx caninus'' Günther, 1867.

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★ Blue runner, ''Caranx crysos'' (Mitchill, 1815).

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★ Blacktip trevally, ''Caranx heberi'' (Bennett, 1830).

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★ Crevalle jack, ''Caranx hippos'' (Linnaeus, 1766).

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★ Giant trevally, ''Caranx ignobilis'' (Forsskål, 1775).

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★ Horse-eye jack, ''Caranx latus'' Agassiz, 1831.

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★ Black jack, ''Caranx lugubris'' Poey, 1860.

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★ Bluefin trevally, ''Caranx melampygus'' Cuvier, 1833.

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★ Brassy trevally, ''Caranx papuensis'' Alleyne & Macleay, 1877.

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★ False scad, ''Caranx rhonchus'' Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817.

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★ ''Caranx sansun'' (Forsskål, 1775).

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★ Senegal jack, ''Caranx senegallus'' Cuvier, 1833.

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★ Bigeye trevally, ''Caranx sexfasciatus'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1825.

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★ Tille trevally, ''Caranx tille'' Cuvier, 1833.

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★ Cocinero, ''Caranx vinctus'' Jordan & Gilbert, 1882.

★ Genus ''Chloroscombrus''

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★ Atlantic bumper, ''Chloroscombrus chrysurus'' (Linnaeus, 1766).

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★ Pacific bumper, ''Chloroscombrus orqueta'' Jordan & Gilbert, 1883.

★ Genus ''Decapterus''

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★ ''Decapterus akaadsi'' Abe, 1958.

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★ Koheru, ''Decapterus koheru'' (Hector, 1875).

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★ Redtail scad, ''Decapterus kurroides'' Bleeker, 1855.

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★ ''Decapterus lajang'' Bleeker, 1855.

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★ Mackerel scad, ''Decapterus macarellus'' (Cuvier, 1833).

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★ Shortfin scad, ''Decapterus macrosoma'' Bleeker, 1851.

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★ Japanese scad, ''Decapterus maruadsi'' (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843).

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★ Amberstripe scad, ''Decapterus muroadsi'' (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844).

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★ Round scad, ''Decapterus punctatus'' (Cuvier, 1829).

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★ Indian scad, ''Decapterus russelli'' (Rüppell, 1830).

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★ Mexican scad, ''Decapterus scombrinus'' (Valenciennes, 1846).

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★ Roughear scad, ''Decapterus tabl'' Berry, 1968.

★ Genus ''Elagatis''

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★ Rainbow runner, ''Elagatis bipinnulata'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825).

★ Genus ''Gnathanodon''

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★ Golden trevally, ''Gnathanodon speciosus'' (Forsskål, 1775).

★ Genus ''Hemicaranx''

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★ Bluntnose jack, ''Hemicaranx amblyrhynchus'' (Cuvier, 1833).

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★ Bicolor jack, ''Hemicaranx bicolor'' (Günther, 1860).

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★ Yellowfin jack, ''Hemicaranx leucurus'' (Günther, 1864).

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★ Blackfin jack, ''Hemicaranx zelotes'' Gilbert, 1898.

★ Genus ''Lichia''

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★ Leerfish, ''Lichia amia'' (Linnaeus, 1758).

★ Genus ''Megalaspis''

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★ Torpedo scad, ''Megalaspis cordyla'' (Linnaeus, 1758).

★ Genus ''Naucrates''

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★ Pilotfish, ''Naucrates ductor'' (Linnaeus, 1758).

★ Genus ''Oligoplites''

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★ Longjaw leatherjack, ''Oligoplites altus'' (Günther, 1868).

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★ ''Oligoplites calcar'' (Bloch, 1793).

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★ Maracaibo leatherjacket, ''Oligoplites palometa'' (Cuvier, 1832).

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★ Shortjaw leatherjack, ''Oligoplites refulgens'' Gilbert & Starks, 1904.

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★ Castin leatherjacket, ''Oligoplites saliens'' (Bloch, 1793).

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★ Leatherjack, ''Oligoplites saurus'' (Bloch & Schneider, 1801).

★ Genus ''Pantolabus''

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★ Fringe-finned trevally, ''Pantolabus radiatus'' (Macleay, 1881).

★ Genus ''Parastromateus''

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★ Black pomfret, ''Parastromateus niger'' (Bloch, 1795).

★ Genus ''Parona''

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★ Parona leatherjacket, ''Parona signata'' (Jenyns, 1841).

★ Genus ''Pseudocaranx''

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★ Juan Fernandez trevally, ''Pseudocaranx chilensis'' (Guichenot, 1848).

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★ White trevally, ''Pseudocaranx dentex'' (Bloch & Schneider, 1801).

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★ ''Pseudocaranx dinjerra'' Smith-Vaniz & Jelks, 2006.^[1]

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★ Skipjack trevally, ''Pseudocaranx wrighti'' (Whitley, 1931).

★ Genus ''Scomberoides''

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★ Talang queenfish, ''Scomberoides commersonnianus'' Lacépède, 1801.

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★ Doublespotted queenfish, ''Scomberoides lysan'' (Forsskål, 1775).

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★ Barred queenfish, ''Scomberoides tala'' (Cuvier, 1832).

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★ Needlescaled queenfish, ''Scomberoides tol'' (Cuvier, 1832).

★ Genus ''Selar''

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★ Oxeye scad, ''Selar boops'' (Cuvier, 1833).

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★ Bigeye scad, ''Selar crumenophthalmus'' (Bloch, 1793).

★ Genus ''Selaroides''

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★ Yellowstripe scad, ''Selaroides leptolepis'' (Cuvier, 1833).


★ Genus ''Selene''

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★ Mexican lookdown, ''Selene brevoortii'' (Gill, 1863).

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★ Caribbean moonfish, ''Selene brownii'' (Cuvier, 1816).

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★ African moonfish, ''Selene dorsalis'' (Gill, 1863).

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★ Mexican moonfish, ''Selene orstedii'' Lütken, 1880.

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★ Pacific moonfish, ''Selene peruviana'' (Guichenot, 1866).

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★ Atlantic moonfish, ''Selene setapinnis'' (Mitchill, 1815).

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★ ''Selene spixi'' (Castelnau, 1855).

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★ Lookdown, ''Selene vomer'' (Linnaeus, 1758).

★ Genus ''Seriola''

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★ Guinean amberjack, ''Seriola carpenteri'' Mather, 1971.

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★ Greater amberjack, ''Seriola dumerili'' (Risso, 1810).

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★ Lesser amberjack, ''Seriola fasciata'' (Rüppell, 1830).

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★ Samson fish, ''Seriola hippos'' (Linnaeus, 1766).

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★ Yellowtail amberjack, ''Seriola lalandi'' Valenciennes, 1833.

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★ Fortune jack, ''Seriola peruana'' Steindachner, 1881.

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★ Japanese amberjack, ''Seriola quinqueradiata'' Temminck & Schlegel, 1845.

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★ Almaco jack, ''Seriola rivoliana'' Valenciennes, 1833.

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★ Banded rudderfish, ''Seriola zonata'' (Mitchill, 1815).

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★ ''Note: amberjacks are also referred to as ''amberfish'' and ''coronados

★ Genus ''Seriolina''

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★ Blackbanded trevally, ''Seriolina nigrofasciata'' (Rüppell, 1829).

★ Genus ''Trachinotus''

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★ Southern pompano, ''Trachinotus africanus'' (Delsman, 1941).

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★ Oyster pompano, ''Trachinotus anak'' Ogilby, 1909.

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★ Smallspotted dart, ''Trachinotus baillonii'' (Lacépède, 1801).

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★ Snubnose pompano, ''Trachinotus blochii'' (Lacépède, 1801).

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★ Largespotted dart, ''Trachinotus botla'' (Shaw, 1803).

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★ Florida pompano, ''Trachinotus carolinus'' (Linnaeus, 1766).

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★ Cayenne pompano, ''Trachinotus cayennensis'' Cuvier, 1832.

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★ Swallowtail dart, ''Trachinotus coppingeri'' Günther, 1884.

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★ Permit, ''Trachinotus falcatus'' (Valenciennes, 1833).

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★ Palometa, ''Trachinotus goodei'' Jordan & Evermann, 1896.

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★ Longfin pompano, ''Trachinotus goreensis'' (Cuvier, 1833).

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★ Blackblotch pompano, ''Trachinotus kennedyi'' Steindachner, 1876.

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★ Plata pompano, ''Trachinotus marginatus'' (Gill, 1863).

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★ Guinean pompano, ''Trachinotus maxillosus'' Cuvier, 1832.

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★ Indian pompano, ''Trachinotus mookalee'' Cuvier, 1832.

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★ Derbio, ''Trachinotus ovatus'' (Linnaeus, 1758).

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★ Paloma pompano, ''Trachinotus paitensis'' Cuvier, 1832.

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★ Gafftopsail pompano, ''Trachinotus rhodopus'' (Gill, 1863).

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★ Steel pompano, ''Trachinotus stilbe'' (Jordan & McGregor, 1899).

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★ Shortfin pompano, ''Trachinotus teraia'' Cuvier, 1832.

★ Genus ''Trachurus''

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★ ''Trachurus aleevi'' Rytov & Razumovskaya, 1984.

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★ Cape horse mackerel, ''Trachurus capensis'' Castelnau, 1861.

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★ Greenback horse mackerel, ''Trachurus declivis'' (Jenyns, 1841).

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★ African scad, ''Trachurus delagoa'' Nekrasov, 1970.

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★ Arabian scad, ''Trachurus indicus'' (Cuvier, 1833).

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★ Japanese jack mackerel, ''Trachurus japonicus'' (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844).

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★ Rough scad, ''Trachurus lathami'' Nichols, 1920.

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★ Crozet scad, ''Trachurus longimanus'' (Norman, 1935).

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★ Mediterranean horse mackerel, ''Trachurus mediterraneus'' Steindachner, 1868.

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★ Inca scad, ''Trachurus murphyi'' Nichols, 1920.

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★ Yellowtail horse mackerel, ''Trachurus novaezelandiae'' Richardson, 1843.

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★ Blue jack mackerel, ''Trachurus picturatus'' (Bowdich, 1825).

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★ Pacific jack mackerel, ''Trachurus symmetricus'' (Ayres, 1855).

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★ Atlantic horse mackerel, ''Trachurus trachurus'' (Linnaeus, 1758).

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★ Cunene horse mackerel, ''Trachurus trecae'' Cadenat, 1950.

★ Genus ''Ulua''

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★ Silvermouth trevally, ''Ulua aurochs'' (Ogilby, 1915).

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★ Longrakered trevally, ''Ulua mentalis'' (Cuvier, 1833).

★ Genus ''Uraspis''

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★ Whitemouth jack, ''Uraspis helvola'' (Forster, 1801).

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★ Cottonmouth jack, ''Uraspis secunda'' (Poey, 1860).

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★ Whitetongue jack, ''Uraspis uraspis'' (Günther, 1860).

References

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1. Australian trevallies of the genus Pseudocaranx (Teleostei: Carangidae), with description of a new species from Western Australia., Smith-Vaniz & Jelks, , , Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 2006