'British qualified accountants' are full members of those
United Kingdom accountancy bodies which are themselves members of the
Consultative Committee of Accountancy Bodies. The UK market often refers to ''CCAB qualified'' as though it was a specific qualification rather than a group of qualifications
[1], but this is in order to determine whether an accountant is ''fully qualified'' or not.
[2]
In addition, there are a number of lesser qualifications awarded by non CCAB-qualified UK bodies whose members provide accountancy and related services and which set regulatory requirements for their members. These include the
Institute of Financial Accountants (IFA) and the
Association of Accounting Technicians (AAT).
[1].
CCAB-qualified British Accountants
All full members of 'Consultative Committee of Accountancy Bodies' (known as 'CCAB') which is an umbrella group for the major British qualified accountancy, are deemed to hold equivalent-level qualifications and advertisements for jobs often state that an organisation is looking for a '''CCAB-qualified accountant''' in
United Kingdom.
[3][4]
The CCAB was formed in 1974 and has six members, with the first four listed holding the Recognised Qualifying Body (RQB) in relation to company auditing under the Companies Act 1989:
★
Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA)
★
Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW)
★
Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland (ICAI)
★
Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland (ICAS)
★
Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA)
★
Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy (CIPFA)
All the
British and
Irish professional accountancy bodies with a
Royal Charter are members of the CCAB. In addition, all
United Kingdom professional bodies that belong to the
International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) are members of the CCAB.
Many job advertisements for accountants in the
United Kingdom specify ''CCAB qualified'' or ''Chartered qualified'' in cases where an employer wishes to hire a professionally 'qualified accountant' with
Royal Charter, but has no specific preference as to which institute.
Titles of British Accountancy Qualifications
In the UK, there is no licence requirement for individuals to describe themself or practice as an accountant (except for audit or insolvency work). However, to use certain titles and designatory letters requires membership of the appropriate professional body, thus:
★ Bodies with royal charter
★
★ '
Chartered Accountants' must be members of one of the following:
★
★
★ the
Institute of Chartered Accountants in England & Wales (ICAEW) (designatory letters ACA or FCA)
★
★
★ the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland (ICAS) (designatory letters CA)
★
★
★ the
Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland (ICAI) (designatory letters ACA or FCA)
★
★
★ a recognised equivalent body from another Commonwealth country (designatory letters being CA (name of country) eg CA(Canada))
★
★ '
Chartered Certified Accountants' must be members of the
Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) (designatory letters ACCA or FCCA)
★
★ 'Chartered Management Accountant's must be members of the
Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) (designatory letters ACMA or FCMA)
★
★ 'Chartered Public Finance Accountant's must be members of the
Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy (CIPFA) (designatory letters CPFA)
★ Other bodies
★
★ 'Authorised Public Accountant's must be members of the
Association of Authorised Public Accountants (AAPA) (designatory letters AAPA)
★
★ 'Incorporated Financial Accountant's must be members of the
Institute of Financial Accountants (IFA) (designatory letters FFA or AFA)
★
★ 'International Accountant's must be members of the
Association of International Accountants (AIA) (designatory letters AIAA or FAIA)
Except the
Association of Authorised Public Accountants (AAPA), each of these bodies admits members only after passing examinations and undergoing a period of relevant work experience. Once admitted members are expected to comply with ethical guidelines and gain appropriate professional experience.
In addition to the bodies above, the
Association of Accounting Technicians (AAT),
Certified Accounting Technician (CAT) and
of International Accounting Technicians (SIAT) offer their members training and support in accountancy skills.
British Practising Qualifications
According to UK's Companies Act 1985, Insolvency Act & Financial Services and Markets Act, only the Chartered accountancy bodies -
ACCA,
ICAEW,
ICAI and
ICAS are able to authorise members to conduct the legally restricted works including ''audit'', ''insolvency'' and ''investment business work'' in the
United Kingdom and
Republic of Ireland.
Moreover,
AIA is a Recognised Qualifying Body (RQB) in relation to company auditing under the Companies Act 1989.
Also, the
Association of Authorised Public Accountants (AAPA) achieved the status of a Recognised Supervisory Body to eligible AAPA members to use the designation Registered Auditor for audit purposes under the Companies Act 1948.
In each case
Chartered Certified Accountants (
ACCA),
Chartered Accountants (
ICAEW,
ICAI and
ICAS),
International Accountants (AIA),
Authorised Public Accountants (AAPA) engaging in practice (ie selling services to the public rather than acting as an employee) must gain a "practising certificate" by meeting further requirements such as purchasing adequate insurance and undergoing inspections.
Chartered Certified Accountants and
Chartered Accountants holding "practising certificates" may also become ''Registered Auditors'' in accordance with the Companies Act, providing they can demonstrate the necessary professional ability in that area and submit to regular inspection. It is illegal for any individual or firm that is not a Registered Auditor to perform a company audit.
Further restrictions apply to accountants who carry out insolvency work.
Under the
European Union 's
Mutual Recognition Directive, all CCAB-qualified British accountants with practising rights including the full members of
ACCA,
ICAEW,
ICAI,
ICAS, and Recognised Qualifying Body (RQB) with practising rights -
AIA and Recognised Supervisory Body (RSB) with practising rights -
AAPA could practice as a public accountants in all member countries of the
European Union,
European Economic Area and
Switzerland, but could only describe him/herself as his/her accountancy qualification rather than local professional accountant qualification. Access to local professional qualifications is based on an aptitude test. However, it is necessary to be a citizen of one of the EEA states or Switzerland to benefit from this Directive.
See also
There are nine major professional bodies operating in the British accountancy profession, with the first six listed holding the Recognised Qualifying Body (RQB) in relation to company auditing under the Companies Act 1989:
★
Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA)
★
Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW)
★
Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland (ICAI)
★
Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland (ICAS)
★
Association of Authorised Public Accountants (AAPA)
★
Association of International Accountants (AIA)
★
Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA)
★
Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy (CIPFA)
★
Institute of Financial Accountants (IFA)
Others
★
Accountant
★
Accountancy
References
1. Key Facts and Trends in the UK Accountancy Profession - November 2006
External links
★
Consultative Committee of Accountancy Bodies
★
Key Facts and Trends in the UK Accountancy Profession - November 2006