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The 'Atharvaveda' (Sanskrit: अथर्ववेद, '', a tatpurusha compound of '''', a type of priest, and '''' meaning "knowledge") is a sacred text of Hinduism, and one of the four Vedas, often called the "fourth Veda".
According to tradition, the Atharvaveda was mainly composed by two groups of rishis known as the Bhrigus and the Angirasas. Additionally, tradition ascribes parts to other rishis, such as , and . There are two surviving recensions (s), known as '' ('AVS') and '' ('AVP').

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The Atharvaveda, while undoubtedly belonging to the core Vedic corpus, in some ways represents an independent parallel tradition to that of the Rigveda and Yajurveda.
The Jaina and Buddha texts are considerably more hostile to the AV (they call it or Veda) than they are to the other Hindu texts. The Atharva Veda is less predominant than other Vedas, also the Gayatri mantra used in Atharva Veda is different from other three Vedas. A special initiation of Gayatri is required to learn the Atharva Veda. The Hindus believe the mantras are highly powerful, the Atharvan (appendices) themselves state that specific priests of the and schools should be avoided or strict discipline should be followed as per the rules and regulations set by the Atharva Veda. It is even stated that women associated with may suffer from abortions if pregnant women remain while the chants for warfare are pronounced.
The Atharvaveda is considered by many to be a dark and mystic science, pertaining to the spirits and the afterlife.
In the Mahabharata, when the Pandavas are exiled to the forests for thirteen years, Bheema, being frustrated, suggests to Yudishthra that they consult the Atharvaveda, and "shrink time, and hereby compress thirteen years to thirteen days..."