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According to legend, Okomfo Anokye (High Priest and one of the two chief founders of the Asante Confederacy) caused the famous 'Asante royal throne' known as the 'Golden Stool' (Asante: '''Sika 'dwa''') to descend from the heavens and land on the lap of the first Asante king, Osei Tutu. Such seats were traditionally symbolic of a chieftain's leadership, but the Golden Stool is believed to house the spirit of the Asante nation, both living, dead and yet to be born.

Contents

Symbology and Ritual

Historical Conflict

Appearance and Craftsmanship

References

Symbology and Ritual

Each stool is understood to be the seat of the owner's soul and when not in use were leaned against a wall so that other souls passing by would not settle on it. The royal throne must never touch the ground; instead it was placed on a blanket. During inauguration, a new king is raised and lowered over the stool without touching it. A throne is carried to the king on a pillow, as only the Asantehene himself is allowed to handle it.

Historical Conflict

Several wars have broken out over the ownership of the royal throne. In 1896, Asantehene Prempeh I was deported rather than risk losing both the war and the throne. In 1900, Sir Frederick Hodgson, the Governor of the Gold Coast, demanded to be allowed to sit on the stool, and ordered that a search for it be conducted. This provoked an armed rebellion known as the War of the Golden Stool which resulted in the annexation of Ashanti to the British Empire, but preserved the sanctity of the Golden Stool. In 1920, African road workers discovered the stool and stripped the gold ornaments. They were tried according local custom and death was the verdict. The British intervened and the group was instead banished.

Appearance and Craftsmanship

The Golden Stool is a curved seat 46 cm high with a platform 61 cm wide and 30 cm deep. Its entire surface is inlaid with gold, and hung with bells to warn the king of impending danger. It has not been seen by many and only the king and trusted advisers know the hiding place. Replicas of the stool have been produced for the chiefs and at their funerals are ceremonially blackened with animal blood, a symbol of their power for generations. The stool is one of the main focal points of the Asante today because it still shows succession and power.
Each stool is made from a single block of wood and carved with crescent-shaped seats, flat bases and complex support structure. The many designs and symbolic meanings means that every stool is unique; each one has a different meaning for the person whose soul it seats. Some designs contain animal shapes or images that recall the person who used it. The general shape of Asante stools has been copied by other cultures and sold worldwide.

References

★ Picture of Golden Stool

★ African Beads. Asante of Ghana. http://www.mbad.org/context.html.

★ African Stools. March 1-May 26, 2001. http://www.hamillgallery.com/EXHIBITIONS/AfricanStools.html

★ Carey, Margret; Piction, John; Willett, Frank. Black History. Encyclopedia Britannica. 2005. http://school.eb.com/Blackhistory/article.do?nKeyValue=384738

★ Jelliffe, Mary/Hutchison Library. Ashanti Stool Procession. Encarta. 2005. http://encarta.msn.com/media_681500251/Ashanti_Stool_Procession.html

★ West African Kingdom: Asante. BBC World Service. http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/4chapter6.shtml