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(Redirected from Army reserves)
A 'military reserve force' is a military organization composed of part-time military personnel, and sometimes civilians, who are available to fight when a nation mobilizes for total war or to defend against invasion. Reserve forces are generally not considered part of a permanent standing body of armed forces. The existence of reserve forces allows a nation to reduce its peacetime military expenditures while maintaining a force prepared for war.
In some countries, such as the United States, Spain and the United Kingdom, members of the reserve forces are volunteers who have a part-time obligation. In other countries, such as the Republic of China and Israel, service in the reserves is compulsory for a number of years after one has completed their national service. Also, in some cases a militia could constitute part of a military reserve, such as the United States National Guard. A Home Guard is a specific type of reserve force that can only be activated in the event of invasion.
A military reserve force is different from a military reserve, which is a group of military personnel not committed to a battle so they are available to address unforeseen situations.

Contents

History

Examples of Military Reserve Forces

Australia

Canada

Ireland

Israel

South Korea (Republic of Korea)

Spain

Sri Lanka

Thailand

United Kingdom

United States

The Netherlands

See also

External links

History

Historically reservists first played a significant role in Europe after the Prussian defeat in the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt. On 9 July 1807 in the Treaty of Tilsit, Napoleon forced Prussia to drastically reduce its military strength, in addition to ceding large amounts of territory. The Prussian army could no longer be stronger than 42,000 men.
The ''Krümpersystem'', introduced to the Prussian army by the military reformer Gerhard von Scharnhorst, arranged for giving recruits a short period of training, which in the event of war could be considerably expanded. With this the reduction of the army's strength did not have the desired effect, and in the following wars Prussia was able to draw up a large number of trained soldiers. By the time of the Second Reich reservists were already being given so-called 'war arrangements' following the completion of their military service, which contained exact instructions relating to the conduct of reservists in time of war.

Examples of Military Reserve Forces

Australia

★ Australian Army Reserve

★ Royal Australian Naval Reserve

Canada

★ Canadian Forces Primary Reserve

Ireland

★ Reserve Defence Forces

Israel

★ Israel Defense Forces Reserve Service

South Korea (Republic of Korea)

★ ROK Homeland Reserve Forces

Spain

★ Reservistas

Sri Lanka

★ Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force

★
★ Sri Lanka National Guard

★ Sri Lanka Volunteer Naval Force

★ Sri Lanka Volunteer Air Force

Thailand

★ Army Reserve Force Students

United Kingdom

★ Territorial Army

★ Royal Auxiliary Air Force

★ Royal Naval Reserve

★ Royal Marines Reserve

United States

Main articles: Reserve Component of the Armed Forces of the United States


★ United States Army Reserve

★ Air Force Reserve Command

★ Marine Forces Reserve

★ United States Navy Reserve

★ United States Coast Guard Reserve

★ Army National Guard

★ Air National Guard

The Netherlands

★ Royal Netherlands Army reserve

See also

★ Militia

★ Home Guard

★ National Guard

★ Military reserve

External links

★ Support for Britain's Reservists and Employers (SaBRE)

★ Union of Bundeswehr reservists e.V. (VdRBW)

★ Academic Association for Security Studies (German)

★ Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve (US)

★ The All Party Parliamentary Reserve Forces Group (UK)