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'Ardeshīr', 'Ardashīr', or 'Ardashēr' is Middle Persian for "whose reign is through ''arda'' (truth)" and may refer to:

★ the throne name of several emperors:

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★ Ardeshir I Papakan, ''r.'' 224 - 241, founder of the 2nd Persian Empire.

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★ Ardeshir II Bahram, ''r.'' 379 - 383, son of Hormizd II and successor of Shapur II "the Great"

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★ Ardeshir III Kavadh, ''r.'' 628 - 630, the youngest of the Sassanid kings.

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★ ''Ardeshir'' is also the Middle Persian equivalent of Old Persian ''Artaxšacā'' (Latinized Artaxerxes), the throne name of five emperors of the 1st Persian Empire.

★ a male first name:

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★ Ardeshir Cowasjee, Pakistani journalist

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★ Ardeshir Godrej, inventor and engineer

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★ Ardeshir Godrej, industrialist

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★ Ardeshir Hosseinpour, Iranian scientist

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★ Ardeshir Irani, screen-writer and director

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★ Ardeshir Kamkar, musician

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★ Ardeshir Mohassess, illustrator

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★ Ardeshir Sepahsalar, philosopher

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★ Ardeshir Talyarkhan, cricket commentator

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★ Ardeshir Tarapore, soldier

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★ Ardeshir Zahedi, diplomat

★ Ardeshir is also the name of a mountain on the Moon.