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Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

Religious observances

References

External links

Events

★ 1500 - Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil.

★ 1509 - Henry VIII ascends the throne of England after the death of his father.

★ 1529 - Treaty of Saragossa divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal along a line 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.

★ 1836 - Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto forces under Texas General Sam Houston capture Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.

★ 1863 - American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins – troops under Union Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.

★ 1864 - The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act which mandates that the inscription "In God We Trust" be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.

★ 1876 - The Boston Red Stockings defeat the Philadelphia Athletics 6-5 in the first National League Baseball game

★ 1889 - At high noon, thousands rush to claim land in the Land Run of 1889. Within hours the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie are formed with populations of at least 10,000.

★ 1898 - Spanish-American War: The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports and the USS ''Nashville'' captures a Spanish merchant ship.

★ 1912 - ''Pravda,'' the "voice" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, begins publications in Saint Petersburg.

★ 1915 - The use of poison gas in World War I escalates when chlorine gas is released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres.

★ 1930 - The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.

★ 1944 - World War II: Operation Persecution initiated – Allied forces land in the Hollandia (currently known as Jayapura) area of New Guinea.

★ 1945 - World War II: After learning that Soviet forces have taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admits defeat in his underground bunker and states that suicide is his only recourse.

★ 1946 - The first installment of the popular Japanese comic strip, ''Sazae-san'', is published in the Fukunichi Shimbun.

★ 1954 - Red Scare: Army-McCarthy Hearings begin.

★ 1964 - The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair opens for its first season.

★ 1970 - First Earth Day celebrated.

★ 1972 - Vietnam War: Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts antiwar protests in New York City, San Francisco, and Los Angeles.

★ 1983 - The German magazine, ''Der Stern'' claims that Adolf Hitler's diaries were found in a wreckage in East Germany.

★ 1992 - 1992 explosion in Guadalajara, Mexico ; 206 people were killed, nearly 500 injured and 15,000 were left homeless

★ 1993 - The Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC is dedicated.

★ 1993 - The web browser Mosaic version 1.0 is released.

★ 1997 - Haouch Khemisti massacre in Algeria; 93 villagers killed.

★ 1997 - A 126-day hostage crisis at the residence of the Japanese ambassador in Lima, Peru ends after government commandos storm and capture the building, rescuing 71 hostages. One hostage dies of a heart attack, two soldiers are killed from rebel fire, and all 14 rebels are slain.

★ 2000 - In a predawn raid, federal agents seize six-year-old Elián González from his relatives' home in Miami, Florida.

★ 2000 - The Big Number Change takes place in the United Kingdom.

★ 2004 - Two fuel trains collide in Ryongchon, North Korea, killing up to 150 people.

★ 2006 - 243 people were injured in pro-democracy protest in Nepal after Nepali security forces opened fire on protesters against King Gyanendra.

★ 2006 - Jalal Talabani sworn in for a second term as President of Iraq.

★ 2006 - Four Canadian soldiers are killed 75 kilometers north of Kandahar, Afghanistan by a roadside bomb planted by Taliban militants, the worst single day combat loss for the Canadian army since the Korean War.

Births

★ 1451 - Queen Isabella of Castile and Leon (d. 1504)

★ 1550 - Edward de Vere, Lord Great Chamberlain of England (d. 1604)

★ 1610 - Pope Alexander VIII (d. 1691)

★ 1658 - Giuseppe Torelli, Italian composer (d. 1709)

★ 1690 - John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, English statesman (d. 1763)

★ 1692 - James Stirling, Scottish mathematician (d. 1770)

★ 1707 - Henry Fielding, English author (d. 1754)

★ 1711 - Eleazar Wheelock, American founder of Dartmouth College (d. 1779)

★ 1724 - Immanuel Kant, German philosopher (d. 1804)

★ 1766 - Madame de Staël, French author (d. 1817)

★ 1812 - Solomon Caesar Malan, British orientalist (d. 1894)

★ 1816 - Charles Denis Bourbaki, French general

★ 1832 - Julius Sterling Morton, Arbor Day founder (d. 1902

★ 1840 - Odilon Redon, French painter (d. 1916)

★ 1844 - Lewis Thornton Powell, would-be assassin of Secretary of State William H. Seward (d. 1865)

★ 1852 - Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (d. 1912)

★ 1854 - Henri La Fontaine, Belgian lawyer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1943)

★ 1860 - Ada Rehan, American stage actress (d. 1916)

★ 1870 (N.S.) - Vladimir Lenin, Russian revolutionary (d. 1924)

★ 1873 - Ellen Glasgow, American author (d. 1945)

★ 1876 - Robert Bárány, American physician, Nobel laureate (d. 1936)

★ 1876 - Georg Lurich, Estonian wrestler (d. 1920)

★ 1881 - Alexander Kerensky, Russian politician (d. 1970)

★ 1884 - Otto Rank, Austrian psychologist (d. 1939)

★ 1889 - Richard Glücks, German SS officer (d. 1945)

★ 1891 - Harold Jeffreys, English astronomer (d. 1989)

★ 1891 - Nicola Sacco, American anarchist (d. 1927)

★ 1891 - Vittorio Jano, Italian engineer (d. 1965)

★ 1899 - Vladimir Nabokov, Russian writer (d. 1977)

★ 1904 - Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist (d. 1967)

★ 1905 - Robert Choquette, French Canadian novelist, poet and diplomat (d. 1991)

★ 1906 - Eddie Albert, American actor (d. 2005)

★ 1906 - Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten, second in line to the Swedish throne (d. 1946)

★ 1907 - Ivan Efremov, Russian paleontologist and author (d. 1972)

★ 1909 - Rita Levi-Montalcini, Italian neurologist, Nobel laureate

★ 1909 - Indro Montanelli, Italian journalist and historian (d. 2001)

★ 1910 - Norman Steenrod, American mathematician (d. 1971)

★ 1912 - Kathleen Ferrier, British singer (d. 1953)

★ 1914 - Jan de Hartog, Dutch writer (d. 2002)

★ 1916 - Yehudi Menuhin, American-born violinist (d. 1999)

★ 1918 - Mickey Vernon, baseball player

★ 1919 - Donald J. Cram, American chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 2001)

★ 1922 - Charles Mingus, American musician (d. 1979)

★ 1922 - Wolf V. Vishniac, American microbiologist (d. 1973)

★ 1923 - Bettie Page, American model

★ 1923 - Aaron Spelling, American television producer (d. 2006)

★ 1925 - George Cole, British actor

★ 1926 - Charlotte Rae, American actress

★ 1926 - James Stirling, British architect (d. 1992)

★ 1927 - Laurel Aitken, Jamaican singer (d. 2005)

★ 1935 - Paul Chambers, American jazz bassist (d. 1969)

★ 1936 - Glen Campbell, American musician

★ 1936 - Pierre Hétu, French Canadian conductor and pianist (d. 1998)

★ 1937 - Jack Nicholson, American actor

★ 1937 - Jack Nitzsche, American composer (d. 2000)

★ 1939 - Jason Miller, American playwright (d. 2001)

★ 1943 - Louise Glück, American poet and 12th US Poet Laureate

★ 1944 - Steve Fossett, American adventurer

★ 1946 - John Waters, American film writer

★ 1946 - Louise Harel, Quebec politician

★ 1946 - Nicole Garcia, French actress and director

★ 1950 - Peter Frampton, English musician

★ 1950 - Zygi Wilf, owner of the Minnesota Vikings

★ 1951 - Paul Carrack, English musician

★ 1952 - Marilyn Chambers, American actress

★ 1952 - François Berléand, French actor

★ 1953 - Juhani Komulainen, Finnish composer

★ 1955 - Johnnie To, Hong Kong film director and producer

★ 1958 - Ken Olandt, American actor

★ 1959 - Catherine Mary Stewart, Canadian actress

★ 1959 - Ryan Stiles, Canadian-born actor

★ 1960 - Gary Rhodes, English chef

★ 1962 - Jeff Minter, English video game programmer

★ 1965 - Lauri Hendler, actress

★ 1965 - Peter Zezel, Canadian ice hockey player

★ 1966 - Mariana Levy, Mexican actress (d. 2005)

★ 1966 - Jeffrey Dean Morgan, American actor

★ 1967 - Sheryl Lee, American actress

★ 1967 - Harvey Williams, American football player

★ 1968 - Zarley Zalapski, Canadian ice hockey player

★ 1969 - Dion Dublin, English footballer

★ 1970 - Andrea Giani, Italian volleyball player

★ 1970 - Regine Velasquez, Filipino singer and actress

★ 1971 - Daisuke Enomoto, first Japanese space tourist

★ 1972 - Owen Finegan, Australian rugby union footballer

★ 1973 - Ofer Talker, Israeli footballer

★ 1974 - Shavo Odadjian, Armenian-born bassist (System of a Down)

★ 1975 - Greg Moore, Canadian race car driver (d. 1999)

★ 1975 - Carlos Sastre, Spanish cyclist

★ 1976 - Michał Żewłakow, Polish footballer

★ 1976 - Paul Henderson, Australian soccer player

★ 1976 - Dan Cloutier, Canadian ice hockey player

★ 1977 - Mark van Bommel, Dutch footballer

★ 1977 - Aaron Fink, American guitarist (Breaking Benjamin)

★ 1978 - Jason Stollsteimer, American singer and lead guitarist (The Von Bondies)

★ 1978 - Esteban Tuero, Argentinian race car driver

★ 1979 - Daniel Johns, Australian musician (Silverchair)

★ 1980 - Nicolas Douchez, French footballer

★ 1980 - Carlos Hernández, Venezuelan baseball player

★ 1980 - Courtney Friel, presenter of World Poker Tour

★ 1981 - Ken Dorsey, American football player

★ 1982 - Kaká, Brazilian footballer

★ 1982 - Tim Hamilton, Slovak adult movie actor

★ 1983 - Matt Jones, American football player

★ 1984 - Michelle Ryan, English actress

★ 1984 - Amelle Berrabah, British singer (Sugababes)

★ 1986 - Dusan Sakota, Serbian-Greek basketball player

Deaths

★ 296 - Pope Caius

★ 455 - Petronius Maximus, Roman Emperor

★ 536 - Pope Agapetus I

★ 1592 - Bartolomeo Ammanati, Italian architect (b. 1511)

★ 1672 - Georg Stiernhielm, Swedish poet (b. 1598)

★ 1699 - Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz, German statesman (b. 1646)

★ 1758 - Antoine de Jussieu, French naturalist (b. 1686)

★ 1778 - James Hargreaves, English inventor (b. 1720)

★ 1806 - Pierre-Charles Villeneuve, French admiral (stabbed) (b. 1763)

★ 1833 - Richard Trevithick, English inventor (b. 1771)

★ 1839 - Denis Davydov, Russian general and poet (b. 1784)

★ 1854 - Nicolás Bravo, Mexican politician and soldier (b. 1786)

★ 1892 - Edouard Lalo, French composer (b. 1823)

★ 1896 - Thomas Meik, British civil engineer (b. 1812)

★ 1908 - Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1836)

★ 1925 - André Caplet, French composer (b. 1878)

★ 1930 - Jeppe Aakjaer, Danish poet (b. 1866)

★ 1933 - Henry Royce, British automobile manufacturer (b. 1863)

★ 1945 - Käthe Kollwitz, German artist (b. 1867)

★ 1945 - Wilhelm Cauer, German mathematician (b. 1900)

★ 1946 - Harlan F. Stone, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court (b. 1872)

★ 1946 - Lionel Atwill, English Actor (b. 1885)

★ 1951 - Horace Donisthorpe, British entomologist (b. 1870)

★ 1968 - Stephen H. Sholes, American recording executive (b. 1911)

★ 1978 - Will Geer, American actor (b. 1902)

★ 1980 - Jane Froman, American actor (b. 1907)

★ 1980 - Fritz Strassmann, German physicist (b. 1902)

★ 1983 - Earl "Fatha" Hines, American jazz pianist (b. 1903)

★ 1983 - John Louis Evans, convicted murderer (executed) (b. 1950)

★ 1984 - Ansel Adams, American photographer (b. 1902)

★ 1985 - Paul H. Emmett, American chemical engineer (b. 1900)

★ 1985 - Jacques Ferron, French Canadian physician, author and politician (b. 1921)

★ 1986 - Mircea Eliade, Romanian writer (b. 1907)

★ 1988 - Irene Rich, American actress (b. 1891)

★ 1994 - Richard Nixon, President of the United States (b. 1913)

★ 1995 - Maggie Kuhn, American activist (b. 1905)

★ 1996 - Erma Bombeck, American humorist (b. 1927)

★ 1998 - Kitch Christie, South African rugby coach (b. 1940)

★ 1999 - Apostolos Nikolaidis, Greek singer (b. 1938)

★ 2002 - Linda Lovelace, American adult actress (b. 1949)

★ 2003 - Martha Griffiths, U.S. Congresswoman (b. 1912)

★ 2003 - Michael Larrabee, American athlete (b. 1933)

★ 2003 - Felice Bryant, American songwriter (b. 1925)

★ 2004 - Pat Tillman, American football player and U.S. Army Ranger (killed in action) (b. 1976)

★ 2004 - Jason L. Dunham, American Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1981)

★ 2005 - Philip Morrison, American physicist (b. 1915)

★ 2005 - Erika Fuchs, German translator (b. 1906)

★ 2005 - Norman Bird, UK character actor (b. 1920)

★ 2006 - Alida Valli, Italian actress (b. 1921)

★ 2007 - Juanita Millender-McDonald, congresswoman from southern California (b. 1938)

Holidays and observances

★ Earth Day

★ Brazil - Discovery Day

★ April 22 (Holocaust day) Yom Hazikaron

Religious observances

★ Abel McAedh ^[1]

★ Acepsimas of Hnaita and companions

★ April 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

References

1. Holweck, F. G. ''A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints''. St. Louis, MO: B. Herder Book Co. 1924.

External links

★ BBC: On This Day

★

★ On This Day in Canada
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