Count 'Alexander Petrovich Tormasov' () (
11 August 1752 –
13 November 1819) was a
Russian
chivalry General prominent during the
Napoleonic Wars.
Alexander Tormasov came from an old noble family. At the age of ten years he started his services as
Page of Honour, in
1772 he became a lieutenant of
Vyatka infantry regiment but in few weeks went under command of
Yakov Bruce as
aide-de-camp. Three years later Tormasov has formed and headed the
Finland chasseur regiment in the rank of
lieutenant colonel. In
1782 Prince
Potemkin charged to him an operation in
Crimea. After that Tormasov received the Dolmatsky
hussar regiment on the base of which and of
Macedonian hussar regiment he formed and then commanded the Aleksandrian light chivalry regiment in the rank of colonel.
In
1788-
1791 he took part in the
Russo-Turkish War and was promoted to
Major General on
21 March 1791. In
1792 and
1794 he successfully acted against the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth during the
Polish-Russian War of 1792 and
Kościuszko Uprising.
As well as many others generals of this time, he was dissmissed by Emperor
Paul I on
11 July 1799 and several months he was prisoned in the
Dünamünde fortress. On
16 November 1800 he was restored in the Army. On
15 September 1801, on the day of the coronation of Emperor
Alexander I he was promoted to
Full General of cavalry. Later he took up an administrative post until 1803.
From 1803 he served as governor of
Kiev,
Minsk and from
1807 Riga. From
1809 to
1811, he served as a Viceroy of
Georgia and as the commander-in-chief in the
Caucasus. After the
French invasion of Russia began, on
25 March 1812 Alexander Tormasov became the Chief Commander of the Third Army of the West. After arrival of
Pavel Chichagov he acted under command of
Mikhail Kutuzov. After the death of
Pyotr Bagration he commanded the Second Army of the West and later the Main Army. He was prominent in numerous battles, especially of
Maloyaroslavets,
Krasnoye and
Lützen.
Because of poor health he left military service and became a member of the
State Council. On
30 August 1814 he followed Count
Fyodor Rostopchin as
General Governor of the
Moscow Governorate. Two years later he received a comital title.
After his death in
Moscow on November 13, 1819, he was buried in the
Donskoy Monastery. Tormasov's only son died in
1839 and thus this family became extinct.
References
★
★
Dictionary of Russian Generals
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