Alessandro Cardinal Farnese
'Alessandro Cardinal Farnese' (
5 October 1520–
2 March 1589) was an Italian cardinal and diplomat, the grandson of
Pope Paul III (who also bore the name ''Alessandro Farnese''), and the son of
Pier Luigi Farnese,
Duke of Parma who was murdered in
1547.
Biography
Born at
Valentano (current
province of Viterbo), he studied at
Bologna, and was appointed administrator of the Diocese of Parma. On
18 December 1534 he was appointed
Cardinal Deacon of the Title of Sant'Angelo by Paul III, and received many other offices and benefices, becoming Vice-
Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church, Governor of Tivoli,
Archpriest of
St. Mary Major Basilica, Archpriest of
St. Peter's Basilica, Administrator of
Jaen,
Spain, of
Vizeu,
Portugal, of
Würzburg,
Germany and of
Avignon,
France. In
1536 he became
Bishop of
Monreale,
Sicily, and in
1552 he founded Jesuit college there. He became Bishop of Massa in
1538,
Archbishop of Tours in
1553, and
Archbishop of Cahors; Bishop of
Benevento, of
Montefiascone, and
Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia and
Velletri and
Dean of the College of Cardinals in
1580.
He also became a
Papal Legate, arranging peace between the perpetually warring
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and
Francis I of France. In
1546 he accompanied the troops sent by the pope to the aid of Charles V against the
Schmalkaldic League. In
1580, he was the unsuccessful candidate for the papacy. Among the buildings that Cardinal Farnese built or restored are the
Church of the Gesù in Rome, the
Villa Farnese at Caprarola, and the Farnese palace near
Lake Bracciano, and the monastery
Tre Fontane.
The Cardinal's daughter, Clelia, married
Giangiorgio Caesarini.
Farnese was buried before the high altar in the Church of Gesù.
See also
★
Onofrio Panvinio
★
Papal conclave, 1549-1550
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