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Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

External links

Events

★ 1576 - Eighty Years' War: In Belgium, Spain captures Antwerp (after three days the city was nearly destroyed).

★ 1677 - The future Mary II of England marries William, Prince of Orange. They would later be known as William and Mary.

★ 1737 - The Teatro di San Carlo was inaugurated.

★ 1825 - The Erie Canal was completed with Governor DeWitt Clinton performing the ''Wedding of The Waters'' ceremony in New York Harbor.

★ 1852 - Count Camillo Benso di Cavour became the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expanded to become Italy.

★ 1861 - The University of Washington opens in Seattle, Washington as the Territorial University

★ 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Johnsonville - Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material.

★ 1869 - The first issue of the scientific journal ''Nature'' is published.

★ 1889 - Menelek of Shoa obtains the allegiance of a large majority of the Ethiopian nobility, paving the way for him to be crowned emperor.

★ 1890 - City & South London Railway: London's first deep-level tube railway opens between King William Street and Stockwell.

★ 1899 - Sigmund Freud's ''The Interpretation of Dreams'' is published.

★ 1918 - World War I: Austria-Hungary surrenders to Italy.

★ 1918 - The German Revolution begins when 40,000 sailors take over the port in Kiel.

★ 1921 - The Sturmabteilung or SA is formally formed by Adolf Hitler

★ 1921 - Japanese Prime Minister Hara Takashi assassinated in Tokyo.

★ 1922 - In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to King Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings.

★ 1924 - Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming elected as the first woman governor in the United States.

★ 1927 - Frank Heath and his horse Gypsy Queen return to Washington, D.C., having completed a two-year journey of 11,356 miles to all 48 states.

★ 1928 - Arnold Rothstein, New York City's most notorious gambler, is shot dead over a poker game.

★ 1939 - World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the United States Customs Service to implement the Neutrality Act of 1939, allowing cash-and-carry purchases of weapons by belligerents.

★ 1942 - World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein - Disobeying a direct order by Adolf Hitler, General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel leads his forces on a five-month retreat.

★ 1946 - UNESCO is founded.

★ 1948 - T. S. Eliot wins the Nobel Prize in Literature.

★ 1955 - The rebuilt Vienna State Opera reopens with Ludwig van Beethoven's ''Fidelio'' after it was totally destroyed in World War II.

★ 1956 - Soviet troops enter Hungary to end the Hungarian revolution that started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded, and nearly a quarter million leave the country.

★ 1960 - Filming wraps on ''The Misfits'', starring Marilyn Monroe and Clark Gable -- the last film for both.

★ 1966 - Two-thirds of Florence, Italy is submerged as the Arno rivers flood; considering also the contemporary flood of Po River in northern Italy, 113 people die, 30,000 are rendered homeless, and numerous Renaissance artworks and books are destroyed.

★ 1970 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The United States turns control of the Binh Thuy Air Base in the Mekong Delta over to South Vietnam.

★ 1970 - Genie, a 13 year old feral child was found in Los Angeles, California having been locked in her bedroom for most of her life.

★ 1979 - Iran hostage crisis begins: Iranian radicals, mostly students, invade the United States embassy in Tehran and take 90 hostages (53 of whom are American).

★ 1981 - Nicole Rohr, prominent community ecologist and research, born in St. Joseph, Missouri.

★ 1984 - Dell was founded.

★ 1984 - Sandinista Front wins the elections in Nicaragua.

★ 1986 - Chief Justice Rose Bird and two colleagues are removed by the electorate from the Supreme Court of California for their opposition to capital punishment.

★ 1989 - The congress of the Solidarity Party is inaugurated in Sweden. The congress decides, contrary to the proposal of the central committee, not to disband the party.

★ 1993 - Jean Chrétien takes office as Prime Minister of Canada.

★ 1993 - Bolivia becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.

★ 1993 - A series of fires destroy 1000 homes in southern California, causing between 500 million and 1 billion USD of damage. Half of the fires turn out to be arson.

★ 1993 - A China Airlines Boeing 747 overran Runway 13 at Hong Kong's Kai Tak International Airport while landing during a typhoon, injuring 22 people.

★ 1994 - San Francisco: First conference that focused exclusively on the subject of the commercial potential of the World Wide Web.

★ 1995 - Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin assassinated by an extreme right-wing Israeli.

★ 2001 - Hurricane Michelle hits Cuba, destroying crops and thousands of homes.

★ 2001 - The Police Service of Northern Ireland is established.

★ 2002 - Chinese authorities arrest cyber-dissident He Depu for signing pro-democracy letter to the 16th Communist Party Congress

★ 2002 - Fugazi plays last show to date in London, UK at The Forum

★ 2003 - The most powerful solar flare as observed by satellite instrumentation is recorded.

★ 2003 - Former HealthSouth CEO Richard Scrushy becomes the first person indicted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. He was eventually acquitted.

★ 2004 - 12 French soldiers, 3 UN personnel and hundreds of civilians die during the Côte d'Ivoire civil war.

Births

★ 1448 - King Alphonso II of Naples (d. 1495)

★ 1470 - King Edward V of England, one of the two princes in the Tower

★ 1575 - Guido Reni, Italian painter (d. 1642)

★ 1631 - Mary of Orange, eldest daughter of Charles I of England and mother of William III of England (d. 1660)

★ 1661 - Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine (d. 1742)

★ 1740 - Augustus Montague Toplady, English author of hymn "Rock of Ages" (d. 1778)

★ 1765 - Pierre Girard, French mathematician (d. 1836)

★ 1809 - Benjamin Robbins Curtis, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1874)

★ 1816 - Stephen Johnson Field, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1899)

★ 1836 - Henry J. Lutcher, American businessman (d. 1912)

★ 1845 - Vasudeo Balwant Phadke, Indian revolutionary (d. 1883)

★ 1874 - Aleksandr Vasilevich Kolchak, Russian military commander (d. 1920)

★ 1879 - Will Rogers, American humorist (d. 1935)

★ 1883 - Nikolaos Plastiras, Greek general (d. 1953)

★ 1884 - Harry Ferguson, Northern Irish aviator and inventor (d. 1960)

★ 1890 - Alfred Henschke, ps. Klabund, German writer and poet (d. 1928)

★ 1899 - Nicolas Frantz, Luxembourgish cyclist (d. 1985)

★ 1900 - Lucreţiu Pătrăşcanu, Romanian communist activist and sociologist (d. 1954)

★ 1901 - Princess Bang-ja of Korea (d. 1989)

★ 1901 - Spyridon Marinatos, Greek archaeologist (d. 1974)

★ 1904 - Tadeusz Żyliński, Polish technician and textilist (d. 1967)

★ 1908 - Józef Rotblat, Polish physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 2005)

★ 1908 - Stanley Cortez, American cinematographer (d. 1997)

★ 1909 - Skeeter Webb, American baseball player (d. 1986)

★ 1909 - Bert Patenaude, American soccer player (d. 1974)

★ 1912 - Vadim Salmanov, Russian composer (d. 1978)

★ 1913 - Gig Young, American actor (d. 1978)

★ 1916 - Walter Cronkite, American news broadcaster

★ 1918 - Art Carney, American actor (d. 2003)

★ 1918 - Cameron Mitchell, American actor (d. 1994)

★ 1919 - Martin Balsam, American actor (d. 1996)

★ 1922 - Benno Besson, Swiss actor (d. 2006)

★ 1923 - Freddy Heineken, Dutch businessman (d. 2002)

★ 1924 - Howie Meeker, Canadian ice hockey player and politician

★ 1930 - Doris Roberts, American actress

★ 1930 - Dick Groat, American baseball player

★ 1932 - Thomas Klestil, President of Austria (d. 2004)

★ 1933 - Tito Francona, American baseball player (d. 2004)

★ 1936 - C. K. Williams, American poet

★ 1937 - Loretta Swit, American actress

★ 1937 - Michael Wilson, Canadian politician

★ 1943 - Marlène Jobert, French actress

★ 1943 - Clark Graebner, American tennis player

★ 1944 - Scherrie Payne, American singer (The Supremes)

★ 1944 - Linda Gary, American voice actress (d. 1995)

★ 1946 - Laura Bush, First Lady of the United States

★ 1946 - Robert Mapplethorpe, American photographer (d. 1989)

★ 1950 - Charles Frazier, American author

★ 1950 - Markie Post, American actress

★ 1951 - Traian Băsescu, President of Romania

★ 1953 - Carlos Gutierrez, American politician

★ 1953 - Jacques Villeneuve (elder), Canadian racing driver

★ 1953 - Dr. Marvel Williamson, American educator

★ 1954 - Chris Difford, English musician and songwriter

★ 1955 - Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland

★ 1956 - Jordan Rudess, American musician (Dream Theater)

★ 1956 - James Honeyman-Scott, English guitarist (The Pretenders) (d. 1982)

★ 1960 - Marc Awodey, American artist and writer

★ 1960 - Frl. Menke, German pop singer of the Neue Deutsche Welle

★ 1961 - Kathy Griffin, American comedian

★ 1961 - Daron Hagen, American composer

★ 1961 - Edward Knight, American composer

★ 1961 - Ralph Macchio, American actor

★ 1961 - Les Sampou, American musician

★ 1961 - Nigel Worthington, Northern Irish footballer

★ 1962 - Jeff Probst, American television host

★ 1963 - Marc Déry, Québécois singer and guitarist (Zébulon)

★ 1963 - Michel Therrien, Canadian ice hockey coach

★ 1965 - Wayne Static, American musician (Static-X)

★ 1965 - Jeff Scott Soto, American musician (Yngwie Malmsteen Band, Journey)

★ 1965 - Malandra Burrows, English actress and singer

★ 1967 - Eric Karros, American baseball player

★ 1968 - Carlos Baerga, Puerto Rican baseball player

★ 1969 - Matthew McConaughey, American actor

★ 1969 - Sean "Diddy" Combs, American rapper

★ 1972 - Luís Figo, Portuguese footballer

★ 1972 - Tabassum Hashmi, Indian actress

★ 1974 - Cedric Bixler-Zavala, American musician (At the Drive-In, The Mars Volta)

★ 1975 - Eric Fichaud, Canadian ice hockey player

★ 1975 - Eduard Kokcharov, Russian handball player

★ 1975 - Curtis Stone, Australian chef and television personality

★ 1976 - Mario Melchiot, Dutch footballer

★ 1976 - Bruno Junqueira, Brazilian racing driver

★ 1977 - Larry Bigbie, American baseball player

★ 1977 - So Ji-sub, South Korean swimmer, model and actor

★ 1978 - Carmen Cali, American baseball player

★ 1978 - John Grabow, American baseball player

★ 1979 - Audrey Hollander, American pornographic actress

★ 1980 - Marcy Rylan, American actress

★ 1980 - Jerry Collins, New Zealand rugby union footballer

★ 1985 - Marcell Jansen, German footballer

★ 1986 - Alexz Johnson, Canadian singer and actress

★ 1986 - Adrian Zaugg, South African racing driver

★ 1990 - Jean-Luc Bilodeau, Canadian actor

Deaths

★ 1254 - John III Ducas Vatatzes, Emperor of the Empire of Nicaea (b. circa 1192).

★ 1411 - Khalil Sultan, ruler of Transoxonia (b. 1384)

★ 1584 - Saint Charles Borromeo, Italian cardinal (b. 1538)

★ 1652 - Jean-Charles de la Faille, Belgian mathematician (b. 1597)

★ 1669 - Johannes Cocceius, Dutch theologian (b. 1603)

★ 1698 - Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician and mathematician (b. 1625)

★ 1702 - John Benbow, English admiral (b. 1653)

★ 1704 - Andreas Acoluthus, German orientalist (b. 1654)

★ 1781 - Johann Nikolaus Götz, German poet (b. 1721)

★ 1801 - William Shippen, American physician and delegate to the Continental Congress (b. 1712)

★ 1847 - Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (b. 1809)

★ 1856 - Hippolyte Delaroche, French painter (b. 1797)

★ 1893 - Pierre Tirard, French politician (b. 1827)

★ 1906 - John H. Ketcham, American politician (b. 1832)

★ 1918 - Wilfred Owen, English poet (b. 1893)

★ 1924 - Gabriel Fauré, French composer (b. 1845)

★ 1924 - Richard Conner, American Civil War Medal of Honor Recipient (b. 1843)

★ 1928 - Arnold Rothstein, American gambler (b. 1882)

★ 1930 - Buddy Bolden, American musician (b. 1877)

★ 1950 - Grover Cleveland Alexander, American baseball player (b. 1887)

★ 1955 - Cy Young, American baseball player (b. 1867)

★ 1957 - Shoghi Effendi, Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith (b. 1897)

★ 1968 - Michel Kikoine, Belarusian painter (b. 1892)

★ 1974 - Bert Patenaude, American soccer player (b. 1909)

★ 1980 - Elsie MacGill, Canadian aeronautical engineer (b. 1905)

★ 1982 - Dominique Dunne, American actress (b. 1959)

★ 1986 - Kurt Hirsch, German mathematician (b. 1906)

★ 1987 - Shaike Ofir, Israeli actor (b. 1929)

★ 1994 - Fred Sonic Smith, American guitar player MC5 (b. 1949)

★ 1995 - Yitzhak Rabin, assassinated Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1922)

★ 1995 - Gilles Deleuze, French philosopher (suicide) (b. 1925)

★ 1997 - H. Richard Hornberger, American writer (b. 1924)

★ 1999 - Malcolm Marshall, Barbadian West Indies cricketer (b. 1958)

★ 2003 - Richard Wollheim, British philosopher (b. 1923)

★ 2005 - Nadia Anjuman, Afghan poet & journalist (b. 1980)

★ 2005 - Sheree North, American actress and singer (b. 1932)

★ 2006 - Ernestine Gilbreth Carey, American memoirist (''Cheaper by the Dozen'') (b. 1908)

★ 2006 - Frank Arthur Calder, Canadian politician (b. 1915)

Holidays and observances

★ Panama's Flag Day

★ Italy - celebration of victory in World War I, the date of the Armed Forces

★ Russia - Day of People's Unity (or National Unity Day), concides with the feast of the Theotokos of Kazan.

★ Tonga's National Day, from 2006.

★ Roman festivals - start of the ''Ludi Plebeii''

★ Roman Catholic Saints - Feast day of the following Roman Catholic saints:

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★ Saint Charles Borromeo

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★ St. Birrstan

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★ St. Clarus

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★ St. Emeric

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★ St. Joannicus

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★ St. Modesta

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★ St. Nicander and Hermas

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★ St. Philologus and Patrobas

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★ St. Pierius

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★ St. Vitalis

★ Feast of Our Lady of Kazan in Russian Orthodox Church

★ Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Qudrat (Power) - First day of the 13th month of the Bahá'í calendar

External links

★ BBC: On This Day

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★ On This Day in Canada
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