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The '2nd century' is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. It is considered part of the ''Classical era, epoch, or historical period''
Early in the century, the Roman Empire attained its greatest expansion under the emperor Trajan, but after his death became primarily defensive for the rest of its history. Much prosperity took place throughout the empire, ruled as it was by the Five Good Emperors.
This period also saw the removal of the Jews from Jerusalem during the reign of Hadrian after Bar Kokhba's revolt.
The last quarter of the century saw the end of the period of peace and prosperity known as the Pax Romana at the death of the emperor Marcus Aurelius, last of the "Five Good Emperors", and the accession of his ineffective and deranged son Commodus.
Although the Han Dynasty of China was firmly cemented into power and extended its imperial influence into Central Asia during the first half of the century, by the second half there was widespread corruption and open rebellion. This set in motion its ultimate decline, until it was overthrown in 220.

Contents

Events

Significant persons

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

Decades and Years

Events

★ 96–180: Five Good Emperors of Rome: Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius

★ The kingdom of Aksum emerges

★ 120–150: Bulgars migrate to Europe

★ 122–132: Hadrian's Wall across Britain

★ 132–135: Bar Kokhba's revolt against Rome

★ 144: Marcion, rejected by Church of Rome, founds Marcionism

★ 167–175: First Marcomanni War

★ 178–180: Second Marcomanni War (depicted in the movie ''Gladiator'')

★ 184–205: the Yellow Turban Rebellion of the Han Dynasty in China begins

Significant persons

★ Rabbi Akiva Head of all the Jewish Sages

★ Rabbi Yehuda haNasi Prince of the Jewish people

★ Commodus, Roman Emperor, claimed to be Hercules reincarnated

★ Galen, medical writer

★ Irenaeus, second bishop of Lyon

★ Juvenal Roman satirical poet

★ Montanus, Christian heretic

★ Nagarjuna, founder of Madhyamaka Buddhism

★ Pliny the Younger

★ Plutarch, Greek historian

★ Ptolemy, Greek astronomer, astrologer and geographer

★ Septimius Severus, Roman Emperor

★ Suetonius, Roman historian

★ Valentinius, most famous Christian Gnostic

★ Zhang Daoling, Chinese Taoist hermit

★ Zhang Heng, Chinese statesman, poet, inventor, astronomer, geographer, and engineer

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

★ Cai Lun of China invents paper (c. 105)

★ Ptolemy compiles a catalogue of all stars visible to the naked eye. He also compiles three of the most influential books in western history:
:
★ the Almagest which becomes the basis for western and Middle Eastern astronomy until the time of Copernicus and Kepler;
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★ the astrological treatise, Tetrabiblos;
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★ and the Geographia

★ 125: Zhang Heng of China and the world's first water-powered armillary sphere

★ 132: Zhang Heng of China invents first seismometer to detect the cardinal direction of earthquakes

Decades and Years