The initial seat distribution of the 1st Canadian Parliament
The '1st Canadian Parliament' was in session from
November 6,
1867 until
July 8,
1872. The membership was set by the
1867 federal election from
August 7 to
September 20,
1867, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and
by-elections until it was prorogued prior to the
1872 election.
It was controlled by a majority coalition between the
Conservative Party and the
Liberal-Conservative Party under
Prime Minister Sir
John A. Macdonald and the
1st Canadian Ministry. The
Official Opposition was the
Liberal Party, led by
Edward Blake from 1869 to 1871, followed by a vacancy in the Liberal leadership.
The
Speaker was
James Cockburn. See also
List of Canadian electoral districts 1867-1871 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.
There were 5
sessions of the 1st Parliament:
| Session | Start | End |
|---|
| 1st | November 6, 1867 | May 22, 1868 |
| 2nd | April 15, 1869 | June 22, 1869 |
| 3rd | February 15, 1870 | May 12, 1870 |
| 4th | February 15, 1871 | April 14, 1871 |
| 5th | April 11, 1872 | June 14, 1872 |
Members of Parliament
Following is a full list of members of the first parliament by province.
Cabinet members are bolded.
Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (
★ ) indicates that district was represented by two members.
Nova Scotia
Note:
1 - The
Anti-Confederate Party dissolved after failing to secure Nova Scotia's secession from Confederation. In
1869 its members joined other parties, or in one case sat as an independent.
New Brunswick
Quebec
| Electoral district | Name | Party |
|---|
| Argenteuil | | John Abbott | Liberal-Conservative |
| Bagot | | Pierre-Samuel Gendron | Conservative |
| Beauce | | Christian Pozer | Liberal |
| Beauharnois | | Michael Cayley | Conservative |
| Bellechasse | | Louis Napoléon Casault to May 26, 1870 (appointed to Superior Court of Quebec) | Conservative |
| Télesphore Fournier from August 15, 1870 | Liberal |
| Berthier | | Anselme Pâquet | Liberal |
| Bonaventure | | Théodore Robitaille | Conservative |
| Brome | | 'Christopher Dunkin'4 to October 24, 1871 (appointed to Superior Court of Quebec) | Conservative |
| Edward Carter from November 17, 1871 | Conservative |
| Chambly | | Pierre Benoit | Conservative |
| Champlain | | John Jones Ross | Conservative |
| Charlevoix | | Simon Xavier Cimon | Conservative |
| Châteauguay | | Luther Holton | Liberal |
| Chicoutimi—Saguenay | | Pierre Alexis Tremblay | Liberal |
| Compton | | 'John Henry Pope'5 | Liberal-Conservative |
| Dorchester | | 'Hector-Louis Langevin' | Conservative |
| Drummond—Arthabaska | | Louis Adélard Sénécal | Conservative |
| Gaspé | | Pierre Fortin | Conservative |
| Hochelaga | | Antoine Dorion | Liberal |
| Huntingdon | | 'John Rose'2 to September 30, 1869 (appointed to Senate) | Liberal-Conservative |
| Julius Scriver from October 30, 1869 | Liberal |
| Iberville | | François Béchard | Liberal |
| Jacques Cartier | | Guillaume Gaucher | Conservative |
| Joliette | | François Benjamin Godin | Liberal |
| Kamouraska | | no election in 1867 due to rioting | |
| Charles Pelletier from February 17, 1869 | Liberal |
| Laprairie | | Alfred Pinsonneault | Conservative |
| L'Assomption | | Louis Archambeault | Liberal-Conservative |
| Laval | | Joseph Bellerose | Conservative |
| Lévis | | Joseph Blanchet | Liberal-Conservative |
| L'Islet | | Barthélemy Pouliot3 | Conservative |
| Lotbinière | | Henri Joly De Lotbinière | Liberal |
| Maskinongé | | George Caron | Conservative |
| Mégantic | | George Irvine | Conservative |
| Missisquoi | | Brown Chamberlin to June 6, 1870 (resigned to become Queen's Printer) | Conservative |
| George Baker from July 5, 1870 | Liberal-Conservative |
| Montcalm | | Joseph Dufresne to July 13, 1871 (resigned) | Conservative |
| Firmin Dugas from September 15, 1871 | Conservative |
| Montmagny | | Joseph-Octave Beaubien | Conservative |
| Montmorency | | Joseph Cauchon to November 1, 1867 | Conservative |
| Jean Langlois from December 11, 1867 | Conservative |
| Montreal Centre | | Thomas Workman | Liberal |
| Montreal East | | 'George-Étienne Cartier' | Liberal-Conservative |
| Montreal West | | Thomas D'Arcy McGee to April 7, 1868 (assassinated) | Liberal-Conservative |
| Michael Patrick Ryan from April 20, 1868 | Liberal-Conservative |
| Napierville | | Sixte Coupal dit la Reine | Liberal |
| Nicolet | | Joseph Gaudet | Conservative |
| Ottawa (County of) | | Alonzo Wright | Liberal-Conservative |
| Pontiac | | Edmund Heath | Conservative |
| Portneuf | | Jean Brousseau | Conservative |
| Quebec-Centre | | Georges-Honoré Simard | Conservative |
| Quebec County | | Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau | Conservative |
| Quebec East | | Pierre Huot to June 14, 1870 (resigned to become Postmaster of Quebec) | Liberal |
| Adolphe Guillet dit Tourangeau from July 18, 1870 | Conservative |
| Quebec West | | Thomas McGreevy | Liberal-Conservative |
| Richelieu | | Thomas McCarthy to September 23, 1870 (death) | Conservative |
| Georges Isidore Barthe from November 18, 1870 | Independent Conservative |
| Richmond—Wolfe | | William Hoste Webb | Conservative |
| Rimouski | | George Sylvain | Conservative |
| Rouville | | Guillaume Cheval dit St-Jacques | Liberal |
| Saint Maurice | | Louis Léon Lesieur Desaulniers to September 29, 1868 (resigned) | Conservative |
| Élie Lacerte from October 30, 1868 | Conservative |
| Shefford | | Lucius Huntington | Liberal |
| Sherbrooke (Town of) | | 'Alexander Galt' | Liberal-Conservative |
| Soulanges | | Luc Masson | Conservative |
| St. Hyacinthe | | Alexandre Kierzkowski to August 4, 1870 (death) | Liberal |
| Louis Delorme from September 1, 1870 | Liberal |
| St. John's | | François Bourassa | Liberal |
| Stanstead | | Charles Colby | Liberal-Conservative |
| Témiscouata | | Charles Bertrand | Conservative |
| Terrebonne | | Louis Masson | Conservative |
| Three Rivers | | Louis Boucher De Niverville to September 30, 1868 (resigned) | Conservative |
| William McDougall from October 17, 1868 | Conservative |
| Two Mountains | | Jean-Baptiste Daoust | Conservative |
| Vaudreuil | | Donald McMillan | Conservative |
| Verchères | | Félix Geoffrion | Liberal |
| Yamaska | | Moïse Fortier | Liberal |
Four Quebec members recontested their seats in byelections, and were re-elected:
2 - 'John Rose' was reelected in Huntingdon on
November 28,
1867, after being named Minister of Finance.
3 - 'Barthélemy Pouliot' was unseated on petition, but was reelected in L'Islet on
July 14,
1869.
4 - 'Christopher Dunkin' was reelected in Brome on
November 29,
1869, after being named Minister of Agriculture.
5 - 'John Henry Pope' was reelected in Compton on
November 11,
1871, after being named Minister of Agriculture following Dunkin's resignation from Parliament.
Ontario
| Electoral district | Name | Party |
|---|
| Addington | | James N. Lapum | Conservative |
| Algoma | | Wemyss Mackenzie Simpson to April 26, 1871 (appointed Indian Commissioner for Rupert's Land) | Conservative |
| Frederick William Cumberland from June 30, 1871 | Conservative |
| Bothwell | | David Mills | Liberal |
| Brant North | | John Young Bown | Liberal-Conservative |
| Brant South | | Edmund Burke Wood | Liberal |
| Brockville | | James Crawford | Conservative |
| Bruce North | | Alexander Sproat | Conservative |
| Bruce South | | Francis Hurdon | Conservative |
| Cardwell | | Thomas Roberts Ferguson | Conservative |
| Carleton | | John Holmes | Liberal-Conservative |
| Cornwall | | John Sandfield Macdonald | Liberal |
| Dundas | | John Sylvester Ross | Liberal-Conservative |
| Durham East | | Francis H. Burton | Conservative |
| Durham West | | Edward Blake | Liberal |
| Elgin East | | Thomas William Dobbie | Conservative |
| Elgin West | | John H. Munroe | Conservative |
| Essex | | 'John O'Connor' | Conservative |
| Frontenac | | Thomas Kirkpatrick to March 26, 1870 (death) | Conservative |
| George Airey Kirkpatrick from April 27, 1870 | Conservative |
| Glengarry | | Donald Alexander Macdonald | Liberal |
| Grenville South | | Walter Shanly | Conservative |
| Grey North | | George Snider | Liberal |
| Grey South | | George Jackson | Conservative |
| Haldimand | | David Thompson | Liberal |
| Halton | | John White | Liberal |
| Hamilton | | Charles Magill | Liberal |
| Hastings East | | Robert Read to February 24, 1871 (appointed to Senate) | Conservative |
| John White from March 20, 1871 | Conservative |
| Hastings North | | Mackenzie Bowell | Conservative |
| Hastings West | | James Brown | Conservative |
| Huron North | | Joseph Whitehead | Liberal |
| Huron South | | Malcolm Colin Cameron | Liberal |
| Kent | | Rufus Stephenson | Conservative |
| Kingston | | The Right Honourable Sir 'John A. Macdonald', Prime Minister of Canada | Liberal-Conservative |
| Lambton | | Alexander Mackenzie | Liberal |
| Lanark North | | 'William C.B. McDougall' | Liberal-Conservative |
| Lanark South | | 'Alexander Morris'6 | Conservative |
| Leeds North and Grenville North | | Francis Jones | Conservative |
| Leeds South | | John Willoughby Crawford | Conservative |
| Lennox | | Richard John Cartwright | Conservative |
| Lincoln | | James Rea Benson to March 14, 1868 (appointed to the Senate) | Liberal-Conservative |
| Thomas Rodman Merritt from April 13, 1868 | Liberal |
| London | | John Carling | Liberal-Conservative |
| Middlesex East | | Crowell Willson | Liberal-Conservative |
| Middlesex North | | Thomas Scatcherd | Liberal |
| Middlesex West | | Angus Peter McDonald | Conservative |
| Monck | | Lachlin McCallum | Liberal-Conservative |
| Niagara | | Angus Morrison | Conservative |
| Norfolk North | | Aquila Walsh | Conservative |
| Norfolk South | | Peter Lawson | Liberal |
| Northumberland East | | Joseph Keeler | Liberal-Conservative |
| Northumberland West | | James Cockburn | Conservative |
| Ontario North | | John Hall Thompson | Liberal |
| Ontario South | | Thomas Nicholson Gibbs | Liberal-Conservative |
| City of Ottawa | | Joseph Merrill Currier | Liberal-Conservative |
| Oxford North | | Thomas Oliver | Liberal |
| Oxford South | | Ebenezer Vining Bodwell | Liberal |
| Peel | | John Hillyard Cameron | Conservative |
| Perth North | | James Redford | Liberal |
| Perth South | | Robert MacFarlane | Liberal |
| Peterborough East | | Peregrine Maitland Grover | Conservative |
| Peterborough West | | Charles Perry | Conservative |
| Prescott | | Albert Hagar | Liberal |
| Prince Edward | | Walter Ross | Liberal |
| Renfrew North | | John Rankin to October 12, 1869 (resigned) | Conservative |
| Francis Hincks from November 13, 1869 | Liberal-Conservative |
| Renfrew South | | Daniel McLachlin to June 3, 1869 (resigned) | Liberal |
| John Lorn McDougall from July 12, 1869 | Liberal |
| Russell | | James Alexander Grant | Conservative |
| Simcoe North | | Thomas David McConkey | Liberal |
| Simcoe South | | William Carruthers Little | Liberal-Conservative |
| Stormont | | Samuel Ault | Liberal-Conservative |
| Toronto East | | James Beaty | Conservative |
| Victoria North | | John Morison | Liberal |
| Victoria South | | George Kempt | Liberal |
| Waterloo North | | Isaac Erb Bowman | Liberal |
| Waterloo South | | James Young | Liberal |
| Welland | | Thomas Clark Street | Conservative |
| Wellington Centre | | Thomas Sutherland Parker to October 24, 1868 (death) | Liberal |
| James Ross from January 18, 1869 | Liberal |
| Wellington North | | George Alexander Drew | Liberal-Conservative |
| Wellington South | | David Stirton | Liberal |
| Wentworth North | | James McMonies | Liberal |
| Wentworth South | | Joseph Rymal | Liberal |
| West Toronto | | Robert Alexander Harrison | Conservative |
| York East | | James Metcalfe | Liberal |
| York North | | James Pearson Wells | Liberal |
| York West | | 'William Pearce Howland' to July 14, 1868 (appointed Lieutenant Governor of Ontario) | Liberal |
| Amos Wright from August 14, 1868 | Liberal |
Note:
6 - One Ontario MP, 'Alexander Morris', recontested his seat in a byelection. He was reelected in Lanark South on
November 29,
1869, after being appointed Minister of Inland Revenue.
Manitoba
Manitoba joined Confederation in
1870. Byelections to choose Manitoba's representatives were held on
March 2 and
March 3,
1871.
British Columbia
British Columbia joined Confederation in
1871. Byelections to choose the province's representatives were held in November and December of that year.
References
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