Year '1915' ('
MCMXV') was a
common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the
Gregorian calendar (or a
common year starting on Thursday[1] of the 13-day-slower
Julian calendar).
Events of 1915
January
★ January - While working as a cook at New York's Sloan Hospital under an assumed name, "
Typhoid Mary" infects 25 people, and is placed in
quarantine for life.
★
January 1 - Sinking of the battleship
HMS ''Formidable'', off
Lyme Regis,
Dorset,
England, by a
German U-Boat.
★
January 12
★
★ The
Rocky Mountain National Park is established by an act of the
U.S. Congress.
★
★
United States House of Representatives rejects proposal to give women the right to vote.
★
January 13 – An earthquake (6.8 in Richter scale) in
Avezzano,
Italy: more than 12,000 dead.
★
January 19
★
★
Georges Claude patents the
neon discharge tube for use in
advertising.
★
★ German
zeppelins bomb the cities of
Great Yarmouth and
King's Lynn in the
United Kingdom for the first time, killing more than 20.
★
January 21 -
Kiwanis International is founded in
Detroit, Michigan.
★
January 28 - An act of the
U.S. Congress designates the
United States Coast Guard, begun in
1790, as a military branch.
★
January 31 -
World War I:
Germany uses
poison gas against
Russians.
February
★
February 8 - The controversial film ''
The Birth of a Nation'' by
D.W. Griffith premieres (
Los Angeles, California).
★
February 12 - In
Washington, DC the first stone of the
Lincoln Memorial is put into place.
★
February 20 - In
San Francisco, CA the
Panama-Pacific International Exposition is opened.
March
★
March 3 -
NACA, the predecessor of
NASA, is founded.
★
March 14
★
★
World War I: Off the coast of
Chile, the
Royal Navy sinks the German battleship
SMS ''Dresden''.
★
★
Britain,
France and
Russia agree to give
Constantinople and the
Bosporus to Russia in case of victory (the treaty is later nullified by the Bolshevik revolution)
★
March 18 - World War I:
British attack on the
Dardanelles fails.
★
March 19 -
Pluto is photographed for the first time but was not recognized as a
planet.
★
March 25 -
US submarine F-4 sinks off
Hawaii: 21 dead.
★
March 28 - The first
Roman Catholic Liturgy is celebrated by
Archbishop John Ireland at the newly consecrated
Cathedral of Saint Paul in
Saint Paul,
Minnesota.
April
★
April 13 -
Mexican Revolution -
Pancho Villa's attack against
Alvaro Obregon's troops in
Celaya. Charge of Villa's troops is no match against Obregon's
barbed wire and
machine guns
★
April 22 -
World War I:
Second Battle of Ypres -
German troops introduce
poison gas at
Ypres,
Belgium.
★
April 24 - The
Ottoman Empire arrests hundreds of
Armenian intellectuals, executing most. Armenians mark this as the start of the
Armenian Genocide and commemorate the anniversary.
★
April 25
★
★ The
ANZAC tradition begins during
World War I with a landing at
Gallipoli on the
Turkish coast.
★
★ The Great Fire of
Reykjavík,
Iceland's
capital.
★
April 30 -
Australian
submarine AE2 sunk in
Sea of Marmara.
May
★
May 3 -
John McCrae writes ''
In Flanders Fields''.
★
May 5 -
World War I:
The Turks begin shelling
Anzac Cove from a new position behind their lines.
★
May 7 - World War I: The
RMS ''Lusitania'' is sunk by a
German U-boat killing 1,198.
★
May 9 - World War I:
Second Battle of Artois -
German and
French forces fight.
★
May 17 - The last purely
Liberal government in the United Kingdom ends when Prime Minister
Herbert Henry Asquith forms an all party coalition.
★
May 22 -
Quintinshill railway disaster,
Scotland, UK: 200 killed.
★
May 23 -
World War I:
Italy joins the
Allies after they declare war on
Austria-Hungary.
★
May 29 -
Teófilo Braga becomes president of
Portugal.
June
★
June 3 - Troops of Obregon and Villa clash at
León: Obregon loses his right arm in grenade attack but Villa is decisively defeated.
★
June 9 - U.S. Secretary of State
William Jennings Bryan resigns over a disagreement regarding his nation's handling of the
RMS ''Lusitania'' sinking.
★
June 16 - Foundation of the
British Women's Institute
July
★
July 7 - An extremely overloaded
Great Gorge and International Railway trolley with 157 passengers crashes near
Queenston, Ontario resulting in 15 casualties.
★
July 24 - The steamer ''
Eastland'' capsizes in central
Chicago, with the loss of 845 lives.
★
July 28 -
United States occupation of Haiti begins
August
★
August 5 –
23 - Hurricane Two of the
1915 Atlantic hurricane season over
Galveston and
New Orleans: 275 dead.
★
August 6 - World War I:
Battle of Sari Bair begins - The
Allies mount a diversionary attack timed to coincide with a major Allied landing of reinforcements at
Suvla Bay.
★
August 16 - The Entente promises the
Kingdom of Serbia, should victory be achieved over
Austro-Hungary and its allied
Central Powers, the territories of Baranja, Srem and Slavonia from the Cisleithanian part of the Dual Monarchy; Bosnia and Herzegovina; and eastern ? of Dalmatia (from the river of Krka to Bar).
★
August 17 -
Jewish American
Leo Frank is
lynched for the alleged murder of a 13-year-old girl in
Atlanta, Georgia.
★
August 31 -
Jimmy Lavender of the
Chicago Cubs pitches a
no hitter against the
New York Giants.
September
★
September 6 - The first prototype
tank is tested for the
British Army for the first time.
★
September 7 - Former cartoonist John B. Gruelle is given a patent for his Raggedy Ann doll.
★
September 11 - The
Pennsylvania Railroad begins electrified commuter rail service between
Paoli and
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, using overhead AC trolley wires for power. This type of system would later be used in long-distance passenger trains between
New York City,
Washington, D.C., and
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
October
★
October 12 -
World War I:
British nurse
Edith Cavell is executed by a
German firing squad for helping
Allied soldiers escape from
Belgium.
★
October 15 -
World War I:
Austria-Hungary invades
Kingdom of Serbia.
Bulgaria enters the war, invading
Kingdom of Serbia. Retreat of the
Serbian First Army towards
Greece begins (
Serbian campaign (WWI)
★
October 19 - US recognizes
Mexican government of
Venustiano Carranza ''
de facto'' (not ''
de jure'' until
1917)
★
October 27 -
William Morris Hughes becomes 7th
Prime Minister of Australia.
November
★
November 14 - Vision allegedly encountered by various military personnel in Europe at 22:30 hours, as recounted on the television series
One Step Beyond.
★
November 25 - The theory of
general relativity is formulated.
December
★
December 12 - Chinese president
Yuan Shikai declares himself Emperor
★
December 26 -
Irish Republican Brotherhood Military Council decides to stage a rising on Easter Sunday
1916.
Undated
★
Alfred Wegener proposes the
theory of
Pangaea.
★ Emory College is rechartered as
Emory University, and plans to move its main campus from
Oxford, Georgia to
Atlanta.
★
Triangle Film Corporation was founded in the summer of this year
★
Lord Beaverbrook buys the ''
Daily Express''.
★ Automobile speed record of 102.6
m.p.h. set at
Sheepshead Bay,
N.Y.. by
Gil Anderson driving a
Stutz.
★ The first
stop sign appears in
Detroit, Michigan.
★
Women's suffrage is introduced in
Denmark and
Iceland.
★
Franz Kafka's short novel ''
Die Verwandlung'' is first published in Germany.
★
Eva Gouel, a former lover of
Picasso died.
Ongoing
★
World War I (
1914-
1918).
★
Ethnic cleansing in
Turkey:
★
★
Assyrian Genocide (
1914–
1922)
★
★
Armenian Genocide (1915–
1918).
Fictional
The following are references to year 1915 in fiction: (unknown).
Births
January-February
★
January 2 -
John Hope Franklin, American historian
★
January 3 -
Sid Hudson, baseball player
★
January 5 -
Arthur H. Robinson, American geographer and cartographer (d.
2004)
★
January 6 -
Don Edwards, American politician
★
January 11 -
Robert Blair Mayne, British soldier and co-founder of the Special Air Service (d.
1955)
★
January 14 -
Mark Goodson, American television game show producer (d.
1992)
★
January 18 -
Santiago Carrillo, Spanish politician
★
January 20 -
Ghulam Ishaq Khan,
President of Pakistan (d.
2006)
★
January 23 -
Arthur Lewis, British economist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1991)
★
January 24 -
Robert Motherwell, American painter (d.
1991)
★
January 29 -
John Serry, Sr., American musician, composer, arranger (d.
2003)
★
January 30 -
Joachim Peiper, German SS officer (d.
1976)
★
January 30 -
John Profumo, British cabinet minister (d.
2006)
★
January 31 -
Alan Lomax, American folklorist and musicologist (d.
2002)
★
January 31 -
Thomas Merton, American monk and author (d.
1968)
★
February 1 -
Artur London, Czech statesman (d.
1986)
★
February 1 - Sir
Stanley Matthews, English footballer (d.
2000)
★
February 1 -
Alicia Rhett, American actress and painter
★
February 2 -
Khushwant Singh, Indian writer
★
February 4 - Sir
Norman Wisdom, English comedian, singer, and actor
★
February 5 -
Robert Hofstadter, American physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1990)
★
February 7 -
Teoctist Arăpaşu, Ex-Romanian Orthodox Church Patriarch (d.
2007)
★
February 11 -
Patrick Leigh Fermor, British author and soldier
★
February 14 -
Ray Evans, American composer (d.
2007)
★
February 16 -
Jim O'Hora, American college football coach (d.
2005)
★
February 16 -
Elisabeth Eybers, South African poet
★
February 19 -
John Freeman, British politician
★
February 23 -
Paul Tibbets, American pilot
★
February 26 -
Preacher Roe, baseball player
★
February 28 -
Zero Mostel, American film and stage actor (d.
1977)
★
February 28 -
Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born scientist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.
1987)
March-April
★
March 3 -
Wally Cassell, American actor
★
March 4 -
Carlos Surinach, Spanish composer (d.
1997)
★
March 9 -
John Edgar "Johnnie" Johnson, English pilot (d.
2001)
★
March 10 -
Harry Bertoia, Italian artist and designer (d.
1978)
★
March 11 -
Vijay Hazare, Indian cricketer (d.
2004)
★
March 14 -
Alexander Brott, Canadian conductor and composer (d.
2005)
★
March 17 -
Bill Roycroft, Australian equestrian
★
March 19 -
Patricia Morison, American actress
★
March 20 -
Sviatoslav Richter, Ukrainian pianist (d.
1997)
★
March 23 -
Vasily Zaitsev, Soviet sniper (d.
1991)
★
March 27 -
Robert Lockwood Jr., American musician (d.
2006)
★
March 30
★
★
Arsenio Erico, Paraguayan footballer (d.
1977)
★
★
Pietro Ingrao, Italian politician
★
March 31 -
Albert Hourani, English historian (d.
1993)
★
April 3 -
Piet de Jong,
Prime Minister of the Netherlands
★
April 4 -
Muddy Waters, American musician (d.
1983)
★
April 7
★
★
Albert O. Hirschman, German-born economist
★
★
Billie Holiday, American singer (d.
1959)
★
April 8 -
Ivan Supek, Croatian physicist, author, and human rights activist
★
April 10 -
Harry Morgan, American actor
★
April 12 -
Július Tomin, Czech writer
★
April 15 -
Elizabeth Catlett, American-born artist
★
April 21 -
Anthony Quinn, Mexican actor (d.
2001)
★
April 30 -
Elio Toaff, Italian rabbi
May-June
★
May 1
★
★
Krystyna Skarbek, Polish-born heroine of World War II (d.
1952)
★
★
Archie Williams, American athlete (d.
1993)
★
May 2 -
Doris Fisher, American singer and songwriter (d.
2003)
★
May 5 -
Alice Faye, American entertainer (d.
1998)
★
May 6
★
★
Orson Welles, American film director (d.
1985)
★
★
George Perle, American composer
★
May 8 -
Milton Meltzer, American author
★
May 12 -
Frère Roger, Swiss founder of the Taizé Community (d.
2005)
★
May 15
★
★
Hilda Bernstein, English-born author, artist, and activist (d.
2006)
★
★
Mario Monicelli, Italian film director
★
★
Paul Samuelson, American economist,
Nobel Prize laureate
★
May 20
★
★
Moshe Dayan, Israeli military leader and politician (d.
1981)
★
★
Peter Copley, English actor
★
May 26 -
Sam Edwards, American actor (d.
2004)
★
May 27 -
Herman Wouk, American author
★
May 29 -
Karl Münchinger, German conductor (d.
1990)
★
June 1 -
John Randolph, American actor (d.
2004)
★
June 9 -
Les Paul, American inventor and musician
★
June 10
★
★
Saul Bellow, Canadian-born writer,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
2005)
★
★
Peride Celal, Turkish author
★
June 12 -
David Rockefeller, American banker and philanthropist
★
June 15 -
Thomas Huckle Weller, American virologist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
★
June 17
★
★
Karl Targownik, Hungarian psychiatrist and Holocaust survivor (d.
1996)
★
★
Mario Echandi Jiménez,
President of Costa Rica
★
June 20 -
Paul Castellano, American gangster (d.
1985)
★
June 24 - Sir
Fred Hoyle, British astronomer (d.
2001)
★
June 26 -
Charlotte Zolotow, American author
★
June 27 -
Grace Lee Boggs, American feminist and author
★
June 28 -
David Honeyboy Edwards, American musician
July-August
★
July 5 -
John Woodruff, American athlete
★
July 15 -
Albert Ghiorso, American nuclear scientist
★
July 26 -
Pattabhi Jois, Indian yogi
★
July 28
★
★
Charles Townes, American physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate
★
★
Frankie Yankovic, American accordion player (d.
1998)
★
August 3
★
★
Pete Newell, Canadian-born basketball coach
★
★
Frank Arthur Calder, Canadian politician (d.
2006)
★
August 19 -
Ring Lardner Jr., American film screenwriter (d.
2000)
★
August 22 -
Hugh Paddick, British actor (d.
2000)
★
August 25 -
Walter Trampler, American violist (d.
1997)
★
August 27 -
Norman F. Ramsey, American physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate
★
August 28
★
★
Tasha Tudor, American illustrator
★
★
Max Robertson, British sports commentator
★
August 29 -
Ingrid Bergman, Swedish actress (d.
1982)
★
August 30
★
★
Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland
★
★
Robert Strassburg, American composer (d.
2003)
September-October
★
September 2 -
Meinhardt Raabe, American actor
★
September 3 -
Knut Nystedt, Norwegian composer
★
September 8 -
Frank Cady, American actor
★
September 12 -
Frank McGee, American television personality (d.
1974)
★
September 14 -
John Dobson, American astronomer
★
September 17
★
★
M F Husain, Indian artist
★
★
Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez, Spanish-born philosopher
★
September 23
★
★
Julius Baker, American flautist (d.
2003)
★
★
Clifford Shull, American physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
2001)
★
September 30 -
Lester Maddox, Governor of Georgia (d.
2003)
★
October 9 -
Clifford M. Hardin, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture
★
October 13 -
Terry Frost, English artist (d.
2003)
★
October 15
★
★
Nellie Lutcher, American singer
★
★
Yitzhak Shamir Israeli politician
★
October 17 -
Arthur Miller, American playwright (d.
2005)
★
October 24
★
★
Bob Kane, American comic book creator (d.
1998)
★
★
Tito Gobbi, Italian baritone (d.
1984)
★
October 28 -
Dody Goodman, American actress and dancer
★
October 29 -
William Berenberg, American physician (d.
2005)
November-December
★
November 4 -
Wee Kim Wee, 4th
president of Singapore
★
November 9
★
★
André François, French cartoonist (d.
2005)
★
★
Sargent Shriver, American politician
★
November 11 -
William Proxmire, U.S. Senator (d.
2005)
★
November 12 -
Roland Barthes, French philosopher and literary critic (d.
1980)
★
November 14 -
Martha Tilton, British actress (d.
2006)
★
November 19 -
Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr., American physiologist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1974)
★
November 25 -
Augusto Pinochet,
President of Chile (d.
2006)
★
November 28 -
Evald Okas, Estonian painter
★
November 30
★
★
Brownie McGhee, American musician (d.
1996)
★
★
Henry Taube, Canadian-born chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
2005)
★
December 7 -
Eli Wallach, American actor
★
December 8 -
Ernest Lehman American screenwriter (d.
2005)
★
December 9 -
Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, German-born soprano (d.
2006)
★
December 12 -
Frank Sinatra, American entertainer (d.
1998)
★
December 13 -
Ross Macdonald, American-Canadian writer (d.
1983)
★
December 17 -
Robert A. Dahl, American political scientist
★
December 19 -
Édith Piaf, French singer (d.
1963)
★
December 22 -
Barbara Billingsley, American actress
★
December 27 -
Gyula Zsengellér, Hungarian footballer (d.
1999)
Deaths
January - June
★
January 6 -
Alexander Scriabin, Russian composer (b.
1872)
★
January 14 -
Richard Meux Benson, English founder of an Anglican religious order (b.
1824)
★
January 15 -
Mary Slessor, Scottish Christian missionary (b.
1848)
★
February 5 -
Ross Barnes, baseball player (b.
1850)
★
March 4 -
William Willett, English inventor of
daylight saving time (b.
1856)
★
March 9 -
François Faber, Luxembourgian cyclist (b.
1887)
★
March 15 -
George Llewelyn-Davies, one of the 'Lost Boys' for the
Peter Pan book (b.
1893)
★
March 31 -
Wyndham Halswelle, Scottish runner (b.
1882)
★
April 16 -
Nelson W. Aldrich, U.S. Senator from Rhode Island (b.
1841)
★
April 23
★
★
Rupert Brooke, English poet (b.
1887)
★
★
Frederick Fisher, Canadian VC recipient (killed in battle) (b.
1894)
★
May 24 -
Private John Condon, the youngest British soldier to die during the First World War {b. c. 1901)
★
May 26 -
Julian Grenfell, poet (killed in battle) (b.
1888)
July - December
★
July 2 -
Porfirio Díaz,
President of Mexico (b.
1830)
★
July 16 -
Ellen G. White, American prophetess, co-founder of Seventh-Day Adventism (b.
1827)
★
August 20 -
Paul Ehrlich, German scientist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b.
1854)
★
August 26 -
John Bunny American silent film comedian (b.
1863)
★
August 31 -
Adolphe Pegoud, aviator (killed in action) (b.
1889)
★
September 9 -
Albert Spalding, baseball player and sporting goods manufacturer (b.
1850)
★
September 13 -
Andrew L. Harris, American Civil War hero and Governor of Ohio (b.
1835)
★
September 27 -
Fergus Bowes-Lyon, brother of
Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (killed in battle) (b.
1889)
★
October 12
★
★
Edith Cavell, nurse and war heroine (shot) (b.
1865)
★
★
Charles Sorley, British poet (killed in battle) (b.
1895)
★
October 30 -
Charles Tupper,
Prime Minister of Canada (b.
1821)
★
November 15 -
Booker T. Washington, American educator (b.
1856)
★
November 28 -
Mubarak Al-Sabah,
Emir of Kuwait (b.
1896)
Nobel prizes
★
Chemistry -
Richard Willstätter
★
Literature -
Romain Rolland
★
Medicine (not awarded)
★
Peace Ben Williams
★
Physics -
William Henry Bragg and
William Lawrence Bragg
Notes
1.
"Calendar in year 1915 (Russia)" (Julian calendar), webpage:
Julian-1915 (Romania used Julian in 1919, when Russia adopted Gregorian).
External links
Table of Contents
__TOC__
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