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Year '1879' ('
MDCCCLXXIX') was a
common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the
Gregorian calendar (or a
common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower
Julian calendar).
Events of 1879
January - March
★
January 1 - The Specie Resumption Act takes effect. The
Greenback is valued the same as
Gold for the first time since the Civil War.
★ January - The current constitution of The State of
California, US was ratified.
★
January 2 -
Fred Spofforth claims the first
Hat-trick in
test cricket.
★
January 11 -
Anglo-Zulu War begins.
★
January 22 -
Zulu troops massacre
British troops at the
Battle of Isandlwana. At
Rorke's Drift, outnumbered British soldiers drive the attackers away after hours of fighting.
★
February 12 - At
New York City's
Madison Square Garden the first artificial
ice rink in
North America opens.
★
February 14 - At
Antofagasta,
Chile: Chilean troops disembark in this port, then Bolivian. This is the beginning of the
War of the Pacific between Chile and the joint forces of
Peru and
Bolivia.
★
February 15 -
Women's rights: American
President Rutherford B. Hayes signs a bill allowing female
attorneys to argue cases before the
Supreme Court of the United States.
★
February 22 - In
Utica, New York,
Frank Woolworth opens the first of many of 5 and 10-cent Woolworth stores.
★
February 27 - The discovery of
saccharin is announced.
★
March 3 - The
United States Geological Survey is created
★
March 12 -
Anglo-Zulu War: A
British force over one-hundred strong is
ambushed and destroyed by Zulu forces.
★
March 13 - Marriage of
The Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, third son of
Queen Victoria, to
Princess Louise Marguerite of Prussia.
★
March 14 -
Albert Einstein: German-born physicist who would go on to revolutionize modern Physics.
★
March 28 -
Anglo-Zulu War:
British forces suffer a defeat at the
Battle of Hlobane.
★
March 29 -
Anglo-Zulu War:
Battle of Kambula:
British forces defeat 20,000
Zulus.
April - June
★
April 3
★
★ The
Anti Revolutionary Party is formed in the Netherlands by
Abraham Kuyper. It is the first political party formed advocating
Christian Democracy; in opposition to the secularism of Dutch society, which was following a course in the militant secularism of the
French Revolution.
★
★
Anglo-Zulu War:
British forces successfully lift the two-month
Siege of Eshowe.
★
April 4 -
Sofia becomes the official capital of the
Third Bulgarian State.
★
April 21 (
San Jacinto Day) -
Texas governor Oran M. Roberts authorized the establishment of Sam Houston Normal Institute (today known as
Sam Houston State University).
★
April 24 - Swedish explorer
Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld arrives in
Stockholm with the
S/S Vega, concluding the world's first
circumnavigation of
Eurasia.
★
May 26 -
Russia and the
United Kingdom sign the
Treaty of Gandamak establishing an
Afghan state.
★
May 30 -
New York City's Gilmores Garden is renamed
Madison Square Garden by
William Henry Vanderbilt and is opened to the public at 26th Street and Madison Avenue.
★
June 14 -
Sidney Faithorn Green, an
Anglican priest in the
Church of England, is tried and convicted for using
Ritualist practices
July - September
★
July 4
★
★
Anglo-Zulu War: The
Anglo-Zulu War effectively ends at the
Battle of Ulundi.
★
★
Taughannock Giant unearthed on the shore of
Cayuga Lake in
Ithaca, New York (later proven to be a hoax).
★
July 19 -
Doc Holliday kills for the first time after a man shoots-up Holliday's
New Mexico saloon.
★
August 21 -
Virgin Mary, along with
St. Joseph and
St. John the Evangelist appeared in
Knock to local people.
October - December
★
October 7 -
Dual Alliance formed by
Germany and
Austria-Hungary
★
October 21 - Using a filament of
carbonized thread,
Thomas Edison tests the first practical electric
light bulb (it lasted 13½ hours before burning out).
★
November - Occult Date of the
Archangel Michael overcoming the Dragon"
[1] (Reference: Eliphaz Levi, Franz von Baader, Louis Claude de St. Martin, and Rudolf Steiner).
★
December 28 - The central part of the
Tay Rail Bridge in
Dundee, Scotland collapses as a train passed over it, killing 75.
★
December 30 -
The Pirates of Penzance is first performed (
Paignton,
Devon,
England).
★
December 31 -
Thomas Edison demonstrates
incandescent lighting to the public for the first time (
Menlo Park, New Jersey).
Undated
★
Simmons College of Kentucky, a historically black school, is founded.
★
Hall effect discovered by Dr.
Edwin Hall.
★
Somerville College, Oxford, is founded.
★
Stefan-Boltzmann law discovered by
Jožef Stefan.
★
Ferdinand Cheval begins to build his ''Palais Idéal'' in France.
★ The
Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) was formed.
★ The
Amati Modellismo firm founded in
Turin,
Italy.
★
Fulham F.C. was founded
Births
January - June
★
January 1 -
E. M. Forster, English writer (d.
1970)
★
January 3 -
Grace Coolidge,
First Lady of the United States (d.
1957)
★
January 10 -
Bobby Walker, Hearts and Scotland Footballer, Record Cap Holder for 25 years(d.
1930)
★
January 12 -
Ray Harroun, American race car driver (d.
1968)
★
January 13 -
Melvin Jones, American founder of Lions Clubs International (d.
1961)
★
January 28 -
Francis Picabia, French painter and poet (d.
1953)
★
February 22 -
J. N. Brønsted, Danish chemist (d.
1947)
★
February 26 -
Frank Bridge, English composer (d.
1941)
★
March 8 -
Otto Hahn, German chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1968)
★
March 14 -
Albert Einstein, German-born physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1955)
★
March 26 -
Othmar Ammann, Swiss-born engineer (d.
1965)
★
March 27 -
Edward Steichen, Luxembourgeois-born painter/photographer (d.
1973)
★
March 30 -
Coen de Koning, Dutch speed skater (d.
1954)
★
April 16 -
Gala Galaction, Romanian writer (d.
1961)
★
April 20 -
Paul Poiret, French couturier (d.
1944)
★
April 26 -
Owen Willans Richardson, British physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1959)
★
April 29 - Sir
Thomas Beecham, English conductor (d.
1961)
★
May 6 -
Bedřich Hrozny´, Czech orientalist and linguist (d.
1952)
★
May 17 -
Simon Petlyura, Ukrainian independence fighter (d.
1926)
★
May 19
★
★
Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor, American-born politician (d.
1964)
★
★
Viscount Waldorf Astor, British businessman and politician (d.
1952)
★
May 22 -
Alla Nazimova, Ukrainian-born stage and film actress (d.
1945)
★
May 23 -
Dezső Lauber, Hungarian sportsman (d.
1966)
★
May 25 -
Max Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook, Canadian-born statesman and newspaper publisher (d.
1964)
★
June 3 -
Raymond Pearl, American biologist (d.
1940)
★
June 10 -
Rafael Erich, Prime minister of Finland (d.
1946)
July - December
★
July 1 -
Léon Jouhaux, French labor leader, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize (d.
1954)
★
July 5 -
Wanda Landowska, Polish harpsichordist (d.
1959)
★
July 22 -
Janusz Korczak (
Henryk Goldszmit), Polish-Jewish children's author, pediatrician, and child pedagogist (possibly born in
1878) (d.
1942)
★
August 8 -
Emiliano Zapata, Mexican revolutionary (d.
1919)
★
August 13 -
John Ireland, English composer (d.
1962)
★
August 15 -
Ethel Barrymore, stage & film actress (d.
1959)
★
August 21 -
Claude Grahame White, British aviation pioneer, (d.
1959)
★
August 31 -
Emperor Taishō, 123rd
Emperor of Japan (d.
1926)
★
September 2 -
An Jung-geun, assassin of the Japanese politician
Ito Hirobumi (d.
1910)
★
September 6 -
Joseph Wirth,
Chancellor of Germany (d.
1956)
★
September 14 -
Margaret Sanger, American birth control advocate (d.
1966)
★
September 15 -
Joseph Lyons, the
Prime Minister of Australia (d.
1939)
★
September 20 -
Victor Sjöström, Swedish film actor and director (d.
1960)
★
October 2 -
Wallace Stevens, American poet (d.
1955)
★
October 3 -
Warner Oland, Swedish-born actor (d.
1938)
★
October 5 -
Francis Peyton Rous, American pathologist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.
1970)
★
October 9 -
Max von Laue, German physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1960)
★
October 21 -
Joseph Canteloube, French composer and singer (d.
1957)
★
October 29 -
Franz von Papen,
Chancellor of Germany (d.
1969)
★
November 4 -
Will Rogers, American humorist (d.
1935)
★
November 7 -
Leon Trotsky, Russian revolutionary (d.
1940)
★
November 10 -
Vachel Lindsay, American poet (d.
1931)
★
November 10 -
Patrick Pearse, Irish patriot (d.
1916)
★
December 12 -
Laura Hope Crews, stage & film actress (aunt PittyPat), (d.
1942)
★
November 26 -
Charles W. Goddard, playwright and screenwriter (d.
1951)
★
December 3 -
Nagai Kafu, Japanese writer (d.
1959)
★
December 10 -
Jouett Shouse, American politician (d.
1968)
★
December 18 -
Paul Klee, Swiss artist (d.
1940)
★
December 28 -
Billy Mitchell, U.S. general and military aviation pioneer (d.
1936)
★ ''date unknown''
★
★
Joseph Campbell, Northern Irish poet and lyricist (d.
1944)
★
★
Robert Wilson Lynd, Northern Irish essayist and writer (d.
1949)
★
★
Francis "Frank" Mcgee, ice hockey superstar (d. 1916,
Battle of the Somme)
: ''See also .''
Deaths
January - June
★
January 8 -
Baldomero Espartero, Prince of Vergara (b.
1793)
★
February 11 -
Honoré Daumier, French caricaturist and painter (b.
1808)
★
February 23 -
Albrecht Graf von Roon,
Prime Minister of Prussia (b.
1803)
★
February 25 -
Charles Peace, British criminal (executed) (b.
1832)
★
March 1 -
Joachim Heer, Swiss politician (b.
1825)
★
March 2 -
John Eberhard Faber, pencil manufacturer (b.
1822)
★
March 30 -
Thomas Couture, French painter and teacher (b.
1815)
★
April 30 -
Sarah Josepha Hale, American author (b.
1788)
★
June 1 -
Napoleon Eugene, Prince Imperial, son of French Emperor
Napoleon III (b.
1856)
July - December
★
July 19 -
Louis Favre, engineer
★
August 11 -
George Willison Adams, Ohio abolitionist (b.
1799)
★
August 30 -
John Bell Hood, America Confederate general (b.
1831)
★
September 30 -
Francis Gillette, politician (b.
1807)
★
November 5 -
James Clerk Maxwell, Scottish physicist (b.
1831)
: ''See also .''
References
1. The Archangel Michael, , Rudolf, Steiner, Anthroposophic Press, 1994, ISBN 0-88010-378-7
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