'1851' ('
MDCCCLI') was a
common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the
Gregorian Calendar (or a
common year starting on Monday
[1]
of the 12-day-slower
Julian calendar).
Events of 1851
January - March
May 1: Great Exhibition in Hyde Park
★
January 11 -
Taiping Rebellion:
Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion.
★
January 23 - The flip of a coin determines whether a new city in the
Oregon Territory is named after
Boston, Massachusetts, or
Portland, Maine, with
Portland winning.
★
March 1 -
Victor Hugo uses the phrase
United States of Europe in a speech to the
French national assembly.
★
March 11 -
Giuseppe Verdi's opera Rigoletto is first performed at
La Fenice in
Venice.
★
March 27 - First reported case of white men seeing
Yosemite Valley.
★
March 30 - A population
census is taken in the
United Kingdom.
April - June
★
April 28 -
Santa Clara College is chartered in
Santa Clara,
California.
★
May 1 - The ''
Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations'' in
the Crystal Palace,
Hyde Park,
London is opened by
Queen Victoria. It runs until
October 18.
★
May 15
★
★
Alpha Delta Pi Sorority, the first secret society for women, founded at
Wesleyan College in
Macon, Georgia.
★
★
Rama IV is crowned King of
Thailand.
July - September
★
July -
The immortal game, a famous
chess game, is played.
★
July 1
★
★ Colony of
Victoria separates from
New South Wales.
★
★
★ Serial poisoner
Helene Jegado is arrested in
Rennes,
France
★
July 10 -
University of the Pacific is chartered as California Wesleyan College in
Santa Clara, California
★
July 29 -
Annibale de Gasparis, in
Naples,
Italy discovers asteroid
15 Eunomia.
★
August 1 -
Virginia closes its Reform Constitutional Convention deciding that all white men have the right to vote.
★
August 5 -
Mount Pelee erupts and kills 30 people.
★
August 22 - The yacht ''
America'' wins the first
America's Cup race.
★
September 15 -
Saint Joseph's University is founded in
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
★
September 18 - ''
The New York Times'' is founded.
★
September 30 - The ''Fregatten Eugenies'' (or the Frigate Eugenie) left from
Karlskrona,
Sweden to begin its voyage as the first
Swedish Royal Navy vessel to circumnavigate the world.
October - December
★
October -
Reuters news service founded.
★
October 18 - The Great Exhibition in London is closed.
★
October 24 -
Ariel and
Umbriel,
moons of
Uranus, discovered by
William Lassell.
★
November 13 - The
Denny Party lands at
Alki Point, the first settlers of what will become
Seattle, Washington.
★
November 14 -
Herman Melville's novel ''
Moby-Dick; or The Whale'' is published in the U.S. by
Harper & Brothers,
New York - after it was first published, on
October 18 in
London by
Richard Bentley, in 3 volumes as ''The Whale''.
★
December 2 -
Louis Napoleon, president of France, dissolves
French National Assembly and declares a new constitution to extend his term. Later he declares himself as an emperor
Napoleon III. End of the
Second Republic.
★
December 6 - Trial of
Helene Jegado begins; she is eventually sentenced to death and executed by
guillotine.
★
December 9 - The first
YMCA (
1844) in
North America is established in
Montreal, Quebec.
★
December 24 - The
Library of Congress burns.
★
December 26-
27 -
Royal Navy warship bombards
Lagos island;
Oba Kosoko is wounded and flees to
Epe.
★
December 29 - The first
Boston YMCA opens (in
Massachusetts).
Undated
★
Florida State University is founded.
★
Gold discovered in
Australia by Edward Hargraves
★
Northwestern University is founded.
★
St. Paul's College, Hong Kong is founded.
★
Macy's department store founded by R.H. Macy.
★ A powerful explosion on the
sun caused copper wires to burn off in some countries.
Ongoing events
★
Taiping Rebellion (1851-
1864)
Births
January - June
★
January 17 -
A. B. Frost, American illustrator (d.
1928)
★
January 19 -
Jacobus Kapteyn, Dutch astronomer (d.
1922)
★
January 21 -
Reinhard Hetze, Argentinian religious pioneer (d.
1939)
★
February 8 -
Kate Chopin, American writer (d.
1904)
★
March 19 -
William Henry Stark, Business Leader (d.
1936)
★
March 27 -
Vincent d'Indy, French composer and teacher (d.
1931)
★
March 28 -
Bernardino Machado, Portuguese President (d.
1944)
★
April 13 -
Robert Abbe, American surgeon (d.
1928)
★
April 20 -
Young Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (d.
1875)
★
April 21 -
Charles Barrois, French geologist (d.
1939)
★
May 6 -
Aristide Bruant, French cabaret singer and comedian (d.
1925)
★
May 20 -
Emil Berliner, telephone and recording pioneer (d.
1929)
★
May 21 -
Léon Bourgeois, French statesman, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize (d.
1925)
July - December
★
June 16 -
Georg Jellinek, German legal philosopher(d.
1911)
★
July 15 -
Eduardo Gutiérrez, Argentinian author (d.
1889)
★
July 20 -
Arnold Pick, Czechoslovakian neurologist and psychiatrist (d.
1924)
★
July 24 -
Friedrich Schottky, German mathematician (d.
1935)
★
August 14 -
Doc Holliday, American gambler and gunfighter (d.
1887)
★
September 7 -
David King Udall, American politician (d.
1938)
★
October 2 -
Ferdinand Foch, French commander of allied forces in World War I (d.
1929)
★
December 20 -
Dora Montefiore, English suffragist and socialist (d.
1933)
★
December 30 -
Asa Griggs Candler, American businessman and politician (d.
1929)
: ''See also .''
Deaths
January - June
★
January 10 -
Karl Freiherr von Müffling, Prussian field marshal (b.
1775)
★
January 27 -
John James Audubon, French-American naturalist and illustrator (b.
1785)
★
January 31 -
David Spangler Kaufman, Congressman from Texas (b.
1813)
★
February 1 -
Mary Shelley, English author (b.
1797)
★
February 18 -
Carl Gustav Jakob Jacobi, German mathematician (b.
1804)
★
February 23 -
Joanna Baillie, Scottish poetess and dramatist (b.
1762)
★
February 28 -
Guillaume Dode de la Brunerie,
Marshal of France (b.
1775)
★
March 9 -
Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish scientist (b.
1777)
July - December
★
September 10 -
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, American educator (b.
1787)
★
September 11 -
Sylvester Graham, American nutritionist and inventor (b.
1794)
★
September 14 -
James Fenimore Cooper, American writer (b.
1789)
★
October 4 -
Manuel de Godoy, Spanish statesman (b.
1767)
★
October 19 -
Marie Thérèse Charlotte (b.
1778)
★
November 26 -
Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, French marshal and politician (b.
1769)
★
December 19 -
Joseph Mallord William Turner, English artist (b.
1775)
★ ''date unknown'' -
John Brown Russwurm, Abolitionist (b.
1799)
: ''See also .''
Notes
1.
"Calendar in year 1851 (Russia)" (Julian calendar, starting Tuesday), webpage:
Julian-1851
(Russia used the Julian calendar until 1919).
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