Year '1815' ('
MDCCCXV') was a
common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the
Gregorian calendar (or a
common year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower
Julian calendar).
Events of 1815
January - March
★
January 2 -
Lord Byron marries Anna Isabella Milbanke,
Seaham,
County Durham.
★
January 3 -
Austria,
Britain, and Bourbon-restored
France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against
Prussia and
Russia.
★
January 8 -
War of 1812:
Battle of New Orleans
★
February -
Hartford Convention arrives in
Washington DC.
★
February 3 - The first commercial
cheese factory is founded in
Switzerland
★
February 4 -
Netherlands, Foundation of the first Dutch student association, the Groninger Studenten Corps,
Vindicat atque Polit. The first rector of the senate was B.J. Winters.
★
February 6 -
New Jersey grants the first American
railroad charter to a
John Stevens.
★
February 26 -
Napoleon Bonaparte escapes from
Elba
★
March 1 -
Napoleon returns to France from his banishment on
Elba.
★
March 16 -
Willem I becomes
King of the Netherlands
★
March 20 -
Napoleon enters
Paris after escaping from
Elba with a regular army of 140,000 and a volunteer force of around 200,000 beginning his "Hundred Days" rule.
April - June
★
April 5-
April 12 -
Mount Tambora in the
Dutch East Indies blows its top during an eruption event. Upwards of 92,000 are killed during this eruption. The event is the cause of
1816 becoming known as the
Year Without a Summer.
★
April 23-
Second Serbian Uprising against
Ottoman rule takes place in
Takovo,
Serbia. By the end of the year
Serbia had been acknowledged as a semi-independent state. Ideals of the
First Serbian Uprising have thus been temporarily achieved.
★
June 9 - End of the
Congress of Vienna: new
European political situation is set.
★
June 18 -
Battle of Waterloo ends the
Napoleonic wars.
★
June 22 -
Napoleon abdicates again;
Napoleon II (1811-32), age 4, rules for two weeks (June 22 to July 7).
July - September
★
July 8 -
Louis XVIII returns to
Paris; the "restoration" of Louis XVIII as King of France. (He had declared himself king on June 8, 1795, at the death of his nephew, 10-year-old
Louis XVII, and had lived in Westphalia, Verona, Russia, and England.)
★
July 17 - In
France,
Napoleon surrenders at
Rochefort to
British forces.
★
September 23 - The
Great September Gale of 1815 - the first
hurricane to strike New England in 180 years.
October - December
★
October 3 - Fall of the
Chassigny Mars meteorite in Chassigny, Haute-Marne, France
★
October 15 -
Napoleon I of France begins his exile on
Saint Helena in the
Atlantic Ocean.
★
October 21 -
Humphry Davy patents the
miner's safety lamp for use in
coal mining
Undated
★
Austria,
Prussia and
Russia sign a
Holy Alliance to uphold the European
status quo.
★ British missionaries arrive in
New Zealand
★ In
Britain, use of
pillory is limited to punishment for
perjury
★ Second wave of
Amish immigration to North America
★
First-class cricket begins.
Ongoing events
★
Napoleonic Wars (
1799-1815)-Seventh Coalition/
Hundred Days
★
War of 1812 (
1812-1815)
★
Congress of Vienna (
1814 - 1815)
Births
January - June
★
January 11 -
John A. Macdonald, first
Prime Minister of Canada (d.
1891)
★
February 15 -
Constantin von Tischendorf, German Biblical scholar (d.
1874)
★
April 1 -
Otto von Bismarck, German statesman (d.
1898)
★
April 1 -
Edward Clark,
Governor of Texas (d.
1880)
★
April 6 -
Robert Volkmann, German composer (d.
1883)
★
April 24 -
Anthony Trollope, British author (d.
1882)
★
May 27-
Sir Henry Parkes, Father of Australian Federation (d.
1896)
July - December
★
August 5 -
Edward John Eyre, explorer (d.
1901)
★
October 16 -
Francis Lubbock,
Governor of Texas (d.
1905)
★
October 31 -
Karl Weierstrass, German mathematician (d.
1897)
★
November 2 -
George Boole, English mathematician and philosopher (d.
1864)
★
December 10 -
Augusta Ada King (née Byron), Countess of Lovelace, early English computer pioneer (d.
1852)
★
November 12 -
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, American women's rights activist (d.
1902)
★
December 21 -
Thomas Couture, French painter (d.
1879)
: ''See also .''
Deaths
January - June
★
January 8 -
Edward Pakenham, British general (killed in battle) (b.
1778)
★
January 16 -
Emma, Lady Hamilton, English mistress of
Horatio Nelson (b.
1765)
★
February 24 -
Robert Fulton, American inventor (b.
1765)
★
February 26 -
Prince Josias of Coburg, Austrian general (b.
1737)
★
March 4 -
Frances Abington, English actress (b.
1737)
★
March 5 -
Franz Mesmer, German developer of hypnotism (b.
1734)
★
April 21 -
Joseph Winston, American patriot and Congressman from North Carolina (b.
1746)
★
June 1 -
Louis Alexandre Berthier, French marshal (b.
1753)
★
June 16 -
Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Brunswick, German noble and general (killed in battle) (b.
1771)
★
June 18 -
Thomas Picton, British general (killed in battle) (b.
1758)
★
June 18 -
Claude-Etienne Michel, French general (killed in battle) (b.
1772
★
June 18 -
Guillaume Philibert Duhesme, French general (killed in battle) (b.
1766)
July - December
★
August 2 -
Guillaume Marie Anne Brune, French marshal (murdered) (b.
1763)
★
August 6 -
James A. Bayard (elder), U.S. Senator from Delaware (b.
1767)
★
September 9 -
John Singleton Copley, American painter (b.
1738)
★
September 20 -
Nicolas Desmarest, French geologist (b.
1725)
★
October 13 -
Joachim Murat, French marshal and King of Naples (executed) (b.
1767)
★
December 3 -
John Carroll (priest), first American Roman Catholic Archbishop (b.
1735)
★
December 7 -
Michel Ney, French marshal (executed) (b.
1769)
★
December 29 -
Saartjie Baartman,
sideshow performer
: ''See also .''
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