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Year '1649' ('
MDCXLIX') was a
common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the
Gregorian calendar (or a
common year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower
Julian calendar).
Events of 1649
January - June
★
January 30 - King
Charles I of England,
Scotland and
Ireland is beheaded. His widow
Henrietta Maria resides in her native
France.
★
January 30 - The
Commonwealth of England, a republican form of government, replaces the monarchy as the form of government of
England and later of
Scotland and
Ireland. Members of the
Long Parliament serve as government.
★
January 30 - Prince Charles Stuart declares himself King
Charles II of England,
Scotland and
Ireland. At the time all three Kingdoms had not recognized him as ruler.
★
February 5 - In
Edinburgh,
Scotland claimant King
Charles II of England is declared King in his absence. Scotland is the first of the three Kingdoms to recognize his claim to the throne.
★
March 11 - The
Frondeurs (rebels) and the
French government sign the
Peace of Rueil.
★
March 19 - The
House of Commons pass an act abolishing the
House of Lords, declaring that it is ''"useless and dangerous to the people of England"''.
★
May 17 -
Banbury mutiny ends - leaders of the
Leveller mutineers in the
New Model Army are hanged
★
May 19 - '' is passed by the
Rump Parliament.
★ May -
Robert Blake is promoted to become an Admiral of the English fleet
July - December
★
August 15 -
Admiral Robert Blake blockades
Prince Rupert to allow
Oliver Cromwell to land in
Dublin and begin the
Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
★
September 2 - The
Italian city of
Castro is completely destroyed by the forces of
Pope Innocent X, ending the
Wars of Castro.
Undated
★
Urga is founded (now
Mongolian capital).
★
Digger movement crushed at St George's Hill.
Ongoing events
★
Fronde civil war in
France (
1648-
1653)
Births
★
February 2 -
Pope Benedict XIII (d.
1730)
★
February 8 -
Gabriel Daniel, French Jesuit historian (d.
1728)
★
February 11 -
William Carstares, Scottish minister (d.
1715)
★
April 5 -
Elihu Yale, American benefactor of Yale University (d.
1721)
★
April 9 -
James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, claimant to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland (d.
1685)
★
June 13 -
Adrien Baillet, French scholar and critic (d.
1706)
★
July 23 -
Pope Clement XI (d.
1721)
★
September 15 -
Titus Oates, English minister and plotter (d.
1705)
★
December 7 -
Charles Garnier, French Jesuit missionary (b.
1606)
: ''See also .''
Deaths
★
January 30 - King
Charles I of England, Scotland, and Ireland (executed) (born
1600)
★
March 9 -
James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, Scottish statesman (born
1606)
★
March 9 -
Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, English soldier (executed) (born
1590)
★
March 16 -
Jean de Brébeuf, French Jesuit missionary (born
1593)
★
March 19 -
Gerhard Johann Vossius, German classical scholar and theologian (born
1577)
★
March 26 -
John Winthrop First Governor of
Massachusetts Bay Colony (born c.
1587)
★
May 14 -
Friedrich Spanheim, Dutch theologian (born
1600)
★
June 3 -
Manuel de Faria e Sousa, Portugues historian and poet (born
1590)
★
September 6 -
Robert Dudley, styled Earl of Warwick, English explorer and geographer (born
1574)
★
September 15 -
John Floyd, English Jesuit preacher (born
1572)
★
October 3 -
Giovanni Diodati, Swiss Protestant clergyman (born
1576)
★
October 16 -
Isaac van Ostade, Dutch painter (born
1621)
★
November 19 -
Caspar Schoppe, German scholar (born
1576)
★
December 4 -
William Drummond of Hawthornden, Scottish poet (born
1585)
★
December 8 -
Noël Chabanel, French Jesuit missionary (born
1613)
: ''See also .''
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