OCTOBER 15

(Redirected from 15 October)

Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

External links

Events

★ 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Vandals.

★ 1542 - Akbar is born in Umarkot,Sind to parents Hamida Bhanu Begum and Emperor Humayun.

★ 1552 - Khanate of Kazan is conquered by troops of Ivan Grozny.

★ 1582 - Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian calendar. In Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain, October 4 of this year is followed directly by October 15.

★ 1764 - Edward Gibbon observes a group of friars singing in the ruined Temple of Jupiter in Rome, which inspires him to begin work on ''The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire''

★ 1815 - Napoleon I of France begins his exile on Saint Helena in the Atlantic Ocean.

★ 1863 - American Civil War: The first submarine to sink a ship, and first to sink an enemy warship, CSS ''H. L. Hunley'' sinks during a test, killing its inventor, Horace L. Hunley.

★ 1878 - The Edison Electric Light Company begins operation.

★ 1880 - Mexican soldiers kill Victorio, one of the greatest Apache military strategists.

★ 1883 - The Supreme Court of the United States declares part of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 to be unconstitutional.

★ 1894 - Alfred Dreyfus is arrested for spying - Dreyfus affair begins.

★ 1898 - Zeta Tau Alpha is founded at Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia.

★ 1904 - The Russian Baltic Fleet leaves Reval, Estonia for Port Arthur during the Russo-Japanese War.

★ 1904 - Theta Tau, the Professional Engineering Fraternity, is founded at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

★ 1904 - Elland Road is purchased by the newly formed Leeds City.

★ 1917 - World War I: At Vincennes outside of Paris, Dutch dancer Mata Hari is executed by firing squad for spying for Germany.

★ 1928 - The airship, the Graf Zeppelin completed its first trans-Atlantic flight, landing at Lakehurst, New Jersey, USA.

★ 1931 - APJ Abdul Kalam:Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (Tamil: அவுல் பகீர் ஜைனுலாப்தீன் அப்துல் கலாம்) born October 15, 1931, Tamil Nadu, India, usually referred to as Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam ^) was the twelfth President of India, serving from 2002 to 2007.

★ 1932 - Tata Airlines (later to become Air India) makes its first flight.

★ 1934 - The Soviet Republic of China collapses when Chiang Kai-shek's National Revolutionary Army successfully encircle Ruijin, forcing the fleeing Communists to begin the Long March.

★ 1939 - The New York Municipal Airport (later renamed La Guardia Airport) is dedicated.

★ 1940 - The Great Dictator, a satiric social commentary film by and starring Charlie Chaplin, is released.

★ 1945 - World War II: The former premier of Vichy France Pierre Laval is shot by a firing squad for treason.

★ 1946 - Nuremberg Trials: Hermann Göring poisons himself the night before his execution.

★ 1951 - Television sitcom ''I Love Lucy'' premieres.

★ 1951 - Mexican chemist Luis E. Miramontes synthesized the first oral contraceptive

★ 1953 - British nuclear test ''Totem 1'' detonated at Emu Field, South Australia.

★ 1965 - Vietnam War: The National Coordinating Committee to End the War in Vietnam stages the first public burning of a draft card in the United States to result in arrest under a new law.

★ 1966 - US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs a bill creating the United States Department of Transportation.

★ 1969 - Vietnam War: Hundreds of thousands of people take part in National Moratorium antiwar demonstrations across the United States.

★ 1970 - Thirty-five construction workers are killed when a section of the new West Gate Bridge in Melbourne collapses.

★ 1970 - Anwar Sadat becomes president of Egypt

★ 1971 - The start of the 2500-year celebration of Iran, celebrating the birth of Persia.

★ 1981 - Professional cheerleader Krazy George Henderson leads what is thought to be the first audience wave in Oakland, California.

★ 1987 - The Great Storm of 1987 hits France and England.

★ 1989 - Wayne Gretzky becomes the all-time leading points scorer in the NHL.

★ 1990 - Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to lessen Cold War tensions and open up his nation.

★ 1992 - In Russia, Andrei Chikatilo is found guilty of 52 serial murders.

★ 1997 - The first supersonic land speed record is set by Andy Green in ''ThrustSSC'' (United Kingdom).

★ 1997 - The Cassini probe launches from Cape Canaveral on its way to Saturn.

★ 2001 - NASA's Galileo spacecraft passes within 112 miles of Jupiter's moon Io.

★ 2003 - China launches Shenzhou 5, its first manned space mission.

★ 2003 - The Staten Island Ferry boat ''Andrew J. Barberi'' collides with a pier at the St. George Ferry Terminal in Staten Island, killing 11 people and injuring 43 others (see 2003 Staten Island Ferry crash).

★ 2005 - Iraqi constitution ratification vote

★ 2005 - Riot in Toledo, Ohio breaks out during a National Socialist/Neo-Nazi protest; over 100 are arrested.

★ 2006 - Hawaii experiences 6.5 magnitude earthquake and no deaths have been reported.

Births

★ 70 BC - Virgil, Roman poet (d. 19 BC)

★ 1471 - Konrad Mutian, German humanist (d. 1526)

★ 1542 - Akbar, Jellaladin Mahommed, Mughal Emperor (d. 1605)

★ 1608 - Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist (d. 1647)

★ 1686 - Allan Ramsay, Scottish poet (d. 1758)

★ 1784 - Thomas Robert Bugeaud, Marshal of France and duke of Isly (d. 1849)

★ 1814 - Mikhail Lermontov, Russian author (d. 1841)

★ 1829 - Asaph Hall, American astronomer (d. 1907)

★ 1836 - James Tissot, French artist (d. 1902)

★ 1840 - Honoré Mercier, politician and premier of Quebec (d. 1894)

★ 1844 - Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher (d. 1900)

★ 1858 - John L. Sullivan, American boxer (d. 1918)

★ 1872 - Wilhelm Miklas, Austrian president (d. 1956)

★ 1874 - Prince Alfred of Edinburgh (d. 1899)

★ 1878 - Paul Reynaud, French politician (d. 1966)

★ 1879 - Jane Darwell, Academy Award-winning American actress (d. 1967)

★ 1881 - P. G. Wodehouse, British novelist (d. 1975)

★ 1882 - Charley O'Leary, American baseball player (d. 1941)

★ 1884 - Arch Hoxsey, pioneer aviator (d. 1910)

★ 1893 - King Carol II of Romania (d. 1953)

★ 1894 - Moshe Sharett, second Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1965)

★ 1898 - Boughera El Ouafi, Algerian athlete (d. 1951)

★ 1900 - Mervyn LeRoy, American film director (d. 1987)

★ 1905 - C. P. Snow, British writer (d. 1980)

★ 1906 - Hiram Leong Fong, American politician (d. 2004)

★ 1907 - Varian Fry, American journalist (d. 1987)

★ 1908 - John Kenneth Galbraith, Canadian economist (d. 2006)

★ 1909 - Robert Trout, American reporter (d. 2000)

★ 1909 - Jesse Leonard Greenstein, American astronomer (d. 2002)

★ 1915 - Yitzhak Shamir, Israeli politician

★ 1917 - Jan Miner, American actress

★ 1917 - Arthur Schlesinger Jr., American historian and political commentator (d. 2007)

★ 1920 - Mario Puzo, American novelist (d. 1999)

★ 1920 - Henri Verneuil, French film director (d. 2002)

★ 1922 - Agustina Bessa-Luís, Portuguese writer

★ 1923 - Italo Calvino. Italian writer (d. 1985)

★ 1924 - Lee Iacocca, American industrialist

★ 1924 - Mark Lenard, American actor (d. 1996)

★ 1924 - Marguerite Andersen, German writer

★ 1925 - Mickey Baker, American guitarist (Mickey & Sylvia)

★ 1926 - Michel Foucault, French philosopher (d. 1984)

★ 1926 - Evan Hunter, American author (d. 2005)

★ 1926 - Jean Peters, American actress (d. 2000)

★ 1926 - Karl Richter, German conductor (d. 1981)

★ 1930 - Fereydun M. Esfandiary, Iranian philosopher (d. 2000)

★ 1931 - Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, President of India

★ 1934 - N. Ramani, Indian flutist

★ 1935 - Bobby Joe Morrow, American sprinter

★ 1935 - Barry McGuire, American singer

★ 1938 - Fela Kuti, Nigerian musician (d. 1997)

★ 1938 - Marv Johnson, American singer (d. 1993)

★ 1940 - Tommy Bishop, English rugby league player

★ 1940 - Peter Doherty, Australian immunologist, Nobel laureate

★ 1942 - Penny Marshall, American actress

★ 1944 - Sali Berisha, President of Albania

★ 1944 - David Trimble, Irish politician, Nobel laureate

★ 1944 - Haim Saban, Egyptian-born American media proprietor

★ 1945 - Jim Palmer, American baseball player

★ 1946 - Richard Carpenter, American musician (Carpenters)

★ 1948 - Chris de Burgh, Irish singer and songwriter

★ 1953 - Tito Jackson, American musician

★ 1953 - Larry Miller, American actor and comedian

★ 1953 - Betsy Clifford, Canadian alpine skier

★ 1954 - Peter Bakowski, Australian poet

★ 1955 - Kulbir Bhaura, British field hockey player

★ 1955 - Tanya Roberts, American actress

★ 1957 - Mira Nair, Indian director

★ 1957 - Stacy Peralta, American Director

★ 1959 - Sarah Ferguson, Duchess of York

★ 1959 - Emeril Lagasse, American chef

★ 1959 - Todd Solondz, American film director

★ 1961 - John Kenny, Irish Sports Broadcaster and journalist

★ 1964 - Roberto Vittori, Italian astronaut

★ 1968 - Jyrki 69, Finnish Musician The 69 Eyes

★ 1968 - Didier Deschamps, French football player

★ 1969 - Vanessa Marcil, American actress

★ 1969 - Dominic West, British actor

★ 1970 - Eric Benét, American singer

★ 1971 - Andy Cole, British footballer

★ 1971 - Jason Arhndt, American wrestler

★ 1972 - Sandra Kim, Belgian singer

★ 1975 - Ginuwine, American singer

★ 1975 - Glen Little, English footballer

★ 1976 - Yoon Son-ha, South Korean actress and singer

★ 1977 - Erin McKeown, American musician

★ 1977 - David Trezeguet, French football player

★ 1977 - Patricio Urrutia, Ecuadorian footballer

★ 1978 - Haven Riney, American radio host and actor

★ 1979 - Paul Robinson, English football player

★ 1979 - Māris Verpakovskis, Latvian football player

★ 1980 - Tom Boonen, Belgian cyclist

★ 1980 - Siiri Nordin, Finnish singer (Killer)

★ 1981 - Keyshia Cole, African American R&B singer

★ 1981 - Elena Dementieva, Russian tennis player

★ 1981 - Guo Jingjing, Chinese diver

★ 1982 - Paulini Curuenavuli, Fijian Singer

★ 1983 - Stephy Tang, Hong Kong singer and actress

★ 1985 - Walter López, Uruguayan footballer

★ 1985 - Marcos Martinez Ucha, Spanish racing driver

★ 1986 - Lee Donghae, Korean singer (a member of super junior)

★ 1987 - Jesse Levine, American tennis player

★ 1988 - Carrie Finklea, American actress

★ 1999 - Bailee Madison, American actress

★ 2005 - Prince Christian of Denmark

Deaths

★ 412 - Theophilus, Patriarch of Alexandria

★ 898 - Lambert, Holy Roman Emperor

★ 912 - Abdullah ibn Muhammad, Emir of Córdoba

★ 1002 - Otto-Henry, Duke of Burgundy (b. 946)

★ 1080 - Rudolf of Rheinfeld, Duke of Swabia

★ 1326 - Walter de Stapledon, English bishop (b. 1261)

★ 1389 - Pope Urban VI

★ 1564 - Vesalius, Flemish anatomist (b. 1514)

★ 1715 - Humphry Ditton, English mathematician (b. 1675)

★ 1730 - Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French explorer (b. 1658)

★ 1788 - Samuel Greig, Scottish-Russian admiral (b. 1735)

★ 1810 - Alfred Moore, American judge (b. 1755)

★ 1811 - Nathaniel Dance-Holland, English painter (b. 1735)

★ 1817 - Tadeusz Kościuszko, Polish and Lithuanian national hero (b. 1746)

★ 1819 - Sergey Vyazmitinov, Russian general and statesman (b. 1744)

★ 1820 - Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg, Austrian field marshal (b. 1771)

★ 1837 - Ivan Dmitriev, Russian statesman and poet (b. 1760)

★ 1880 - Victorio, Apache leader

★ 1891 - Gilbert Arthur a Beckett, English writer (b. 1837)

★ 1900 - Zdeněk Fibich, Czech composer (b. 1850)

★ 1917 - Mata Hari, Dutch dancer and spy (b. 1876)

★ 1918 - Shirdi Sai Baba, Indian guru (b. circa 1838)

★ 1934 - Raymond Poincaré, French statesman (b. 1860)

★ 1945 - Pierre Laval, Prime Minister of Vichy France (executed) (b. 1883)

★ 1946 - Hermann Göring, German air force commander (suicide) (b. 1893)

★ 1948 - Edythe Chapman, American actress (b. 1863)

★ 1959 - Lipót Fejér, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1880)

★ 1960 - Clara Kimball Young, American actress (b. 1890)

★ 1964 - Cole Porter, American composer (b. 1891)

★ 1976 - Carlo Gambino, American gangster (b. 1902)

★ 1980 - Mikhail Lavrentyev, Russian physicist and mathematician (b. 1900)

★ 1980 - Apostolos Nikolaidis, Greek footballer and volleyball player (b. 1896)

★ 1981 - Philip Fotheringham-Parker, British racing driver (b. 1907)

★ 1988 - Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji, English composer and pianist (b. 1892)

★ 1994 - Sarah Kofman, French philosopher (b. 1934)

★ 1995 - Marco Campos, Brazilian racing driver (b. 1976)

★ 2000 - Konrad Emil Bloch, German-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1912)

★ 2001 - Zhang Xueliang, Chinese ruler of Manchuria (b. 1901)

★ 2003 - Bertram N. Brockhouse, Canadian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)

★ 2003 - Ben Metcalfe, Canadian environmental activist (b. 1919)

★ 2005 - Jason Collier, American basketball player (b. 1977)

★ 2005 - Matti Wuori, Finnish politician (b. 1945)

Holidays and observances

★ Roman festivals - the Equirria or ''October equus'': sacrifice of a horse to Mars

★ R.C. Saints - Saint Teresa of Avila

★ United States - White Cane Safety Day, Pregnancy and Infant Loss Awareness Day

★ French Republican Calendar - Amaryllis (Amaryllis) Day, twenty-fourth day in the Month of Vendémiaire

★ Teacher's Day in Brazil.

External links

★ BBC: On This Day

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★ On This Day in Canada
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