1259

'Years:' 1256 1257 1258 - 1259 - 1260 1261 1262

'Decades:' 1220s 1230s 1240s - '1250s' - 1260s 1270s 1280s

'Centuries:' 12th century - '13th century' - 14th century

Contents

Events

Europe

Asia

Births

Deaths

Events

Europe

★ The Oxford Parliament, led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, leads to the acceptance by King Henry III of England of the Provisions of Oxford.

★ September - The Empire of Nicaea defeats the Principality of Achaea at the Battle of Pelagonia, ensuring the eventual reconquest of Constantinople in 1261.

★ December 4 - Kings Louis IX of France and Henry III of England agree to the Treaty of Paris, in which Henry renounces his claims to French-controlled territory on continental Europe (including Normandy) in exchange for Louis withdrawing his support for English rebels.

★ The famous frescoes of the Boyana Church in Bulgaria are completed (the church and its murals are now a UNESCO World Heritage Site).

★ The German cities of Lübeck, Wismar, and Rostock enter into a pact to defend against pirates of the Baltic Sea, laying the groundwork for the Hanseatic League.

★ Nogai Khan leads the second Mongol Golden Horde attack against Lithuania and Poland.

Asia

★ Lannathai, a kingdom in the north of Thailand, is founded by King Mengrai.

★ The Goryeo kingdom in Korea surrenders to invading Mongol forces.

★ The Chinese era ''Kaiqing'' begins and ends in the Northern Song Dynasty of China.

★ The Japanese Shōka era ends, and the Shōgen era begins.

Births

★ Pietro Cavallini, Italian painter (died 1330)

★ Demetre II of Georgia (died 1289)

★ John II of Jerusalem (died 1285)

★ Richard Og de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster (died 1326)

★ Infanta Branca of Portugal, daughter of King Afonso III of Portugal and Urraca of Castile

Deaths

★ May 29 - King Christopher I of Denmark (born 1219)

★ October 7 - Ezzelino da Romano III, Italian ruler

★ November 18 - Adam Marsh, English scholar and theologian

★ Gojong of Goryeo

★ Möngke Khan of the Mongol Empire

★ Matthew Paris, French chronicler

★ Thomas II of Savoy