1249

'Years:' 1246 1247 1248 - 1249 - 1250 1251 1252

'Decades:' 1210s 1220s 1230s - '1240s' - 1250s 1260s 1270s

'Centuries:' 12th century - '13th century' - 14th century

Contents

Events

Europe

Asia

Africa

Births

Deaths

Events

Europe

★ February 16 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by King Louis IX of France as an ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols.

★ May 26 - Battle of Fossalta.

★ August 15 - The First Battle of Athenry is fought in Galway, Ireland.

★ University College, the first College at Oxford, is founded with money gifted from the estate of William of Durham.

★ The Moors lose possession of Alicante in Al-Andalus (Islamic Spain).

★ King Afonso III of Portugal recaptures Faro in the Algarve from the Moors, thus ending the Portuguese Reconquista.

★ Roger Bacon publishes a major scientific work, including writings of convex lens spectacles for treating long-sightedness and the first publication of the formula for gunpowder in the western world.

★ The city of Mystras, Greece is fortified and a palace is constructed there by William II Villehardouin.

★ The city of Stralsund (in present-day Germany) is burned to the ground by forces from the rival city of Lübeck.

★ Swedish statesman Birger Jarl subjugates the province of Tavastia in Finland, laying the foundations for Sweden's expansionism.

★ Alphonse of Toulouse orders the expulsion of Jews from Poitou, France.

★ Jean Mouflet makes an agreement with the abbot of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif in the Senonais region in France: in return for an annual payment, the monastery will recognize Jean as a "citizen of Sens". He is a leather merchant, has a leather shop that he leases for the rent of 50 shillings a year. The agreement is witnessed by Jean's wife, Douce, daughter of a wealthy and prominent citizen of Sens, Felis Charpentier.

Asia

★ Pho Khun Si Indrathit becomes the first king of the Sukhothai kingdom, marking the founding of the modern Thai nation.

★ The Hikitsuke, a judicial organ of the Kamakura and Muromachi shogunates of Japan, is established.

★ The Japanese Hōji era ends, and the Kenchō era begins.

Africa

★ King Louis IX of France captures Damietta in Egypt, the first major military engagement of the Seventh Crusade.

Births

★ July 9 - Emperor Kameyama of Japan (died 1305)

★ Eric V of Denmark (died 1286)

★ Robert III of Flanders

★ Frederick I, Margrave of Baden (died 1268)

★ Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford (died 1297)

★ Pope John XXII (died 1334)

★ Menachem Meiri, rabbi

Deaths

★ July 6 - King Alexander II of Scotland (born 1198)

★ September 27 - Count Raymond VII of Toulouse (born 1197)

★ As-Salih Ayyub, ruler of Egypt

★ Abu Zakariya, ruler of the Maghreb (born 1203)

★ William of Sherwood, English logician (born 1190)

★ Wuzhun Shifan, Chinese Zen Buddhist monk (born 1178)

★ Song Ci, Chinese physician and judge (born 1186)