1177

Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Heads of State

Events

★ November 25 — Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Raynald of Chatillon defeat Saladin at the Battle of Montgisard.

★ During the third year of the Angen era in Japan, a fire devastates Kyoto.

★ Benedictus Abbas becomes abbot of Peterborough.

★ Byland Abbey is founded in Yorkshire by the Cistercians.

★ Casimir II becomes duke of Poland.

★ The Cham sack the Khmer capital of Angkor Wat.

★ Roger de Moulins becomes Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller.

★ Moscow is burned down and its inhabitants are killed.

★ Puigcerdà is founded by Alfonso II of Aragon.

★ Leopold V becomes Duke of Austria.

★ September 27 — Pope Alexander III sends a letter to Prester John, believing he is real.

★ Treaty of Venice — Frederick I Barbarossa acknowledges Alexander III as Pope

★ Estonians attack Pskov during winter.

Births

★ Baldwin V, king of Jerusalem (d. 1186)

★ Robert de Ros, English baron (d. 1226)

★ Philip of Swabia, rival of Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1208)

Deaths

★ January 13 — Henry II of Austria (b. 1107)

★ William of Montferrat, Count of Jaffa and Ascalon, father of Baldwin V of Jerusalem (b. early 1140s)

★ Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (b. 1095)

Heads of State

★ England — Henry II (reigned 1154–1189)

★ France — Louis VII (reigned 1137–1180)

★ Byzantine Empire — Manuel I Comnenus (reigned 1143–1180)

★ Pope — Alexander III (pope 1159–1181)

★ Song China - Song Xiaozong (宋孝宗) (reigned 1162–1189)