1165

Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Events

★ November 23 — Pope Alexander III enters Rome.

★ Emperor Rokujō ascends to the throne of Japan. He is one year old.

★ William I becomes King of Scotland.

★ Andronicus I escapes from prison.

★ Henry II of England begins affair with Rosamund Clifford.

★ Henry II of England invades Wales but is forced to retreat.

★ Muslims take Caesarea Philippi from Crusaders.

★ Leipzig gains city and market privileges.

★ The town of Pistoia obteins the appellation of "imperio fidelissima" from Frederick I as faithful of the emperor.

★ Construction of the Liuhe Pagoda of Hangzhou, China, is completed in this year during the Song Dynasty.

Births

★ August 21 — King Philip II of France (d. 1223)

★ Ibn Arabi, Syrian Sufi philosopher (d. 1240)

★ Henry I, Duke of Brabant (d. 1235)

★ Albert of Buxhoeveden, German soldier (d. 1229)

★ Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1197)

★ Joan of England, Queen consort of Sicily, daughter of Henry II of England (d. 1199)

★ Phillipe de Plessis, Grand Master of the Knights Templar (d. 1209)

Deaths

★ February 7 — Stephen of Armenia, Marshal of Armenia

★ September 5 — Emperor Nijō of Japan (b. 1143)

★ December 9 — King Malcolm IV of Scotland (b. 1141)

★ Hibat Allah Abu'l-Barakat al-Baghdaadi, Arab philosopher and physicist (b. 1080)

★ Sibylla of Anjou, Countess of Flanders (b. c. 1112)